فاکتورهای پیشرفته موثر بر کشت بزرگ مقیاس انواع ریزجلبک و اثرات آن در افزایش بهره وری
محورهای موضوعی : ریزجلبک
ساسان قبادیان
1
(گروه مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکده مهندسی عمران و محیط زیست، دانشگاه ملی ملایر، ملایر، ایران)
ندا سلطانی
2
(گروه میکروبیولوژی نفت، پژوهشکده علوم پایه کاربردی جهاد دانشگاهی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران)
کلید واژه: محیط کشت, بازیافت آب در کشت, تنش برشی در ریزجلبک‌ها, کشت بزرگ مقیاس, کشت ریزجلبک,
چکیده مقاله :
شاید سخن گفتن در باب کاربری انواع گونه های ریزجلبکی در زمینه های مختلف، رویکردهای جهانی جهت افزایش بهره وری کشت این موجودات و نیل به برتری اقتصادی در کنار منافع عظیم زیست محیطی (مانند تصفیه فاضلاب و تثبیت CO2) گزاف باشد. جهت دستیابی به این افزایش بهره وری، تمرکز بر فاکتورهای مختلف موثر بر کشت در پژوهش های اخیر جهانی مشاهده می شود. در مورد برخی از این فاکتورها نظیر شرایط نوری، دما، غلظت مواد مغذی، میزان CO2 و نظایر آن پژوهش های مختلفی صورت گرفته است. لذا در این مقاله سعی شده با پرهیز از تکرار مقدمات و ذکر مجدد کاربری ها و یا بازگوئی اثرات فاکتورهای مذکور، صرفا پژوهش هائی مرور شوند که بر روی برخی فاکتورهای کمتر آزموده اما با تاثیرات مهم بر افزایش بهره‌وری کشت به ویژه در مقیاس بزرگ تمرکز کرده اند. لذا در ابتدا محیط های مختلف کشت شامل آب شیرین، آب دریا و فاضلاب جهت به کارگیری در کشت انبوه تشریح و مقایسه شده و گونه های برتر هریک از محیط ها معرفی شده اند و سپس روش‌های مختلف کشت شامل فتواتوتروفیک، هتروتروفیک، میکسوترفیک و فتوهتروتروفیک مقایسه شده اند. به استفاده مجدد از آب بازیافتی فرآیند کشت ریزجلبک ها جهت کاهش هزینه های تصفیه و پمپاژ و چالش‌های مرتبط با آن نگاهی شده و در انتها اثر تنش ها (که بواسطه تجهیزات بکارگرفته شده و در فرآیندهای کشت بزرگ مقیاس از دغدغه های اصلی است) بر روی بهره‌وری کشت و راهکارهای کاهش این اثرات مورد نظر قرار گرفته است.
Perhaps talking about the use of microalgae species in various fields, global approaches to increase the productivity and شchieving economic superiority alongside لreat environmental benefits وis superfluous.Some of these factors such as illumination conditions, temperature, nutrient concentration, CO2 content and the like have been researched befor. Therefore, in this article, simply review researches that focuses on some less tested factors but with significant effects on increasing culture productivity, especially on a large scale.Therefore, at first, different cultivation environments including fresh water, sea water and sewage for use in mass cultivation are described and compared and the superior species of each environment are introduced. Then different culture methods including photototrophic, heterotrophic, mixotrophic and photothetrophic were compare. Reuse of recycled water for microalgae cultivation process to reduce treatment and pumping costs and related challenges is considered. Finally, the effect of shear stresses (coused by equipments and is a major concern in large-scale cultivation) on cultivation productivity and ways to reduce these effects is considered.
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Abdel-Raouf, N., Al-Homaidan, A. and Ibraheem, I. (2012). Microalgae and wastewater treatment. Saudi J Biology Science, 19: 257–275.
Al Hattab, M., Ghaly, A. and Hammouda, A. (2015). Microalgae harvesting methods for industrial production of biodiesel: critical review and comparative analysis. Journal of Fundamentals of Renewable Energy and Applications, 5(2):1000154.
Álvarez-Díaz, P., Ruiz, J., Arbib, Z., Barragán, J., Garrido-Pérez, M. and Perales, J. (2017). Freshwater microalgae selection for simultaneous wastewater nutrient removal and lipid production. Algal Research, 24:477-485.
Babu, A. G., Wu, X., Kabra, A. N. and Kim, D. P. (2017). Cultivation of an indigenous Chlorella sorokiniana with phytohormones for biomass and lipid production under N-limitation. Algal Research, 23:178-185.
Bernaerts, T. M., Panozzo, A., Doumen, V., Foubert, I., Gheysen, L., Goiris, K. and Van Loey, A. M. (2017). Microalgal biomass as a (multi) functional ingredient in food products: Rheological properties of microalgal suspensions as affected by mechanical and thermal processing. Algal Research, 25:452-463.
Chalmers, J. J. (2015). Mixing, aeration and cell damage, 30+ years later: what we learned, how it affected the cell culture industry and what we would like to know more about. Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering, 10:94-102.
Che, R., Ding, K., Huang, L., Zhao, P., Xu, J.-W., Li, T. and Yu, X. (2016). Enhancing biomass and oil accumulation of Monoraphidium sp. FXY-10 by combined fulvic acid and two-step cultivation. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 67:161-165.
Cheah, W. Y., Ling, T. C., Show, P. L., Juan, J. C., Chang, J. S. and Lee, D. J. (2016). Cultivation in wastewaters for energy: a microalgae platform. Applied Energy, 179:609-625.
Cheirsilp, B. and Torpee, S. (2012). Enhanced growth and lipid production of microalgae under mixotrophic culture condition: effect of light intensity, glucose concentration and fed-batch cultivation. Bioresource Technology, 110:510-516.
Chen, C.-Y., Yeh, K.-L., Aisyah, R., Lee, D. J.and Chang, J. S. (2011). Cultivation, photobioreactor design and harvesting of microalgae for biodiesel production: a critical review. Bioresource Technology, 102(1):71-81.
Chen, P., Min, M., Chen, Y., Wang, L., Li, Y., Chen, Q. and Cheng, Y. (2010). Review of biological and engineering aspects of algae to fuels approach. International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, 2(4):1-30.
Chew, K. W., Chia, S. R., Show, P. L., Yap, Y. J., Ling, T. C. and Chang, J. S. (2018). Effects of water culture medium, cultivation systems and growth modes for microalgae cultivation: A review. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 91:332-344.
Chisti, Y. (2000). Animal-cell damage in sparged bioreactors. Trends in biotechnology, 18(10): 420-432.
Chiu, S. Y., Kao, C. Y., Chen, C. H., Kuan, T.C., Ong, S. C. and Lin, C. S. (2008). Reduction of CO2 by a high-density culture of Chlorella sp. in a semicontinuous photobioreactor. Bioresource Technology, 99(9):3389-3396.
Chojnacka, K. and Marquez-Rocha, F. J. (2004). Kinetic and stoichiometric relationships of the energy and carbon metabolism in the culture of microalgae. Biotechnology, 3(1):21-34.
Contreras, A., García, F., Molina, E. and Merchuk, J. (1998). Interaction between CO2‐mass transfer, light availability, and hydrodynamic stress in the growth of Phaeodactylum tricornutum in a concentric tube airlift photobioreactor. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 60(3):317-325.
Duong, V.T., Li, Y., Nowak, E. and Schenk, P.M. (2012). Microalgae isolation and selection for prospective biodiesel production. Energies, 5(6):1835-1849.
Gallardo‐Rodríguez, J., García‐Camacho, F., Sánchez‐Mirón, A., López‐Rosales, L., Chisti, Y. and Molina‐Grima, E. (2012). Shear‐induced changes in membrane fluidity during culture of a fragile dinoflagellate microalga. Biotechnology Progress, 28(2):467-473.
Gallardo Rodríguez, J., Sánchez Mirón, A., García Camacho, F., García, C., Belarbi, E., Chisti, Y. and Molina Grima, E. (2011). Carboxymethyl cellulose and Pluronic F68 protect the dinoflagellate Protoceratium reticulatum against shear-associated damage. Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, 34(1):3-12.
Ghobadian, S., Ganjidoust, H., Ayati, B. and Soltani, N. (2018). Chlorophyll and Carotenoid Optimization of Spirulina Biomass by Innovative Photobioreactor. Modares Journal of Biotechnology, 9(3):483-494.
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