بررسی موانع پیاده سازی خوشه های صنعتی در استان آذربایجان شرقی
محورهای موضوعی :
مدیریت صنعتی
Alireza Bafandeh Zendeh
1
(Assistant Professor, Department of Industrial Management, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.)
Amir Bairami Hajilari
2
(Lecturer of Payam Noor University of Tabriz and Phd Student in Industrial Management, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran)
تاریخ دریافت : 1394/01/16
تاریخ پذیرش : 1395/04/28
تاریخ انتشار : 1395/06/04
کلید واژه:
small and medium enterprises,
Barriers to implementation,
موانع پیاده سازی,
خوشه های صنعتی,
صنایع کوچک و متوسط,
عامل توسعه,
نهادهای پشتیبان,
اعضاء خوشه,
Development agent,
Supporting Institutions,
Cluster members,
چکیده مقاله :
پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی موانع پیاده سازی خوشه های صنعتی در استان آذربایجان شرقی انجام شده است. برای نیل به هدف فوق سه سوال مطرح شد. روش تحقیق مورد استفاده توصیفی بوده و جامعه آماری این تحقیق شامل کلیه مدیران صنایع کوچک و متوسط خوشه های صنعتی استان آذربایجان شرقی که شامل پنج خوشه کفش چرمی تبریز، قطعات خودرو تبریز، مبلمان، لوازم خانگی و سنگ تبریز می باشد. نمونه آماری با استفاده از فرمول کوکران 334 نفر مدیر محاسبه گردید و به روش نمونه گیری تصادفی طبقه ای می باشد. برای جمع آوری داده ها از پرسشنامه استفاده شده است که روایی و پایایی آن مورد سنجش و تأیید قرار گرفته است. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از آزمون نسبت، آزمون کروسکال _ والیس و آزمون فریدمن استفاده شد. نتایج بررسی ها نشان می دهد موانع پیاده سازی خوشه های صنعتی در سه حوزه عامل توسعه، نهادهای پشتیبان و اعضاء خوشه می باشند. بعد از بررسی ها مشخص شد هر سه حوزه دارای اهمیت یکسان می باشند. همچنین نتایج آزمون کروسکال _ والیس نشان می دهد که بین موانع پیاده سازی خوشه در گروه های مختلف تفاوت وجود دارد.
چکیده انگلیسی:
The current study has been conducted to evaluate barriers to implementing industrial clusters in East Azerbaijan province. In order to achieve the above objective, 3 questions were raised. The research method has been Descriptive and the statistical population included all managers of small and medium-sized enterprises and industrial clusters of East Azerbaijan province that includes five clusters: Tabriz leather shoes, car parts, furniture, appliances and Tabriz stone. The statistical sample was determined by using Cochran formula and Stratified Random Sampling, which were 334. A questionnaire was used to collect data that assessed and verified the reliability and validity. Radio test, Kruskal–Wallis test and Friedman test was used to analyze the data. The results show barriers to implementation of industrial clusters are on the 3 areas: Development factor, Supporter institutions, and Cluster members. The studies revealed all three areas are equally important. Also, Kruskal-Wallis test results show that there is the difference between the barriers to implementing cluster in different groups.
منابع و مأخذ:
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Moulaert, F., & Sekia, F. (2003), Territorial Innovation Models: A critical Survey, Regional Studies, 37 (3).
Porter, M.E. (1998), Clusters and the New Economic of Competition, Harvard Business Review, 56: 1452-78.
Riyahi, A., & Allahyari Sweeney, R. (2004). Approach to the development of small and medium businesses in the form of trade markets – industrial. Tomorrow Management Quarterly, Issue 5 & 6. 33- 19.
Roberto Alvarez. E. (2004), Sources of export success in small and medium-sized enterprises: the impact of public programs, Department of Economics. 18: 185–208.
Rodrigues, J.A.D., Ratusznei, S.M., Zaiat, M. (2003), Fed-batch and batch operating mode analysis of a stirred anaerobic sequencing re actor with self-immobilized biomass treating low-strength wastewater. J. Environ. Manage, 69, 193–200.
Schmitz, H., & Khalid Nadvi& others, (2002). Industrial clusters. A new approach to industrial development. Translation: Zandbaf, Abbas and Abbas Mokhber, Tehran: New Plan.
Taghavi, N., & Esmaeili Nia, M., R. (2002). Globalization and the development of small and medium firms. Tabriz: Publish community project.
Yazdani, A. (2007). Study Status Small Industries and Industrial Estates Development Program. Monthly shoe industry, the thirteenth year. Number 106, 42-43.
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Asmelash, B. (2002). Enhancingthe competitiveness and productivity of Small and Medium scale Enterprises(SMEs) in African analysis of differential roles of national governments through improved support services. Africa Development, 27 (3).
Badri fariman, J., & Kiyani, M. (2006). Industrial clusters and its role in sustaining small and medium industries.
Dadashpour, H. (2009). Industrial clusters, learning, innovation and regional development. Jasmine strategy. (18), 53-72.
De la Muthe J. & Paquet G. (1998). Local and regional Systems of Innovation, Kluwer Academic Publisher, Norvell, MA, USA.
Dinmohammadi, M,. Delangizan, S,. Sadeghi, Z. (2005). Check the status of industrial clusters in achieving competitive advantage and the ability to export. Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference on the development of non-oil exports, Tabriz 6 to 8 October.
Enright, M .J. (1996). Regional Clusters and Economic Development: A Research Agenda, In Business New works: Prospects for Regional Development, Edited by U.H. staber Et Al., Berlin, Walter De Gruyter.
Faizbakhsh Bazargan, A,. & Dehghanpour Farashah, A. (2005). A Model Multi- faceted model of why and how to start entrepreneurship case study in Iran. Tehran, International Management Conference. 2.
Feser, E. (1998). Old and New Theories of Industry Clusters, in Steiner, M. (Ed) Cluster and Regional Specialization, Pion Limited, London.
Hekmatian, M. (2008). A model to assess the clustering of industries in the textile industry. Textile Management Journal, 76 (3), 57-59.
Izadkhah , R. (2005). Industrial clusters, Regional substantial advantages in the country and the role of government in promoting them. The second conference of Iranian science and technology parks and incubators, 153- 166.
Kanani, M, & Mousavi, S, H., Ghasemi, M,. Feyziyan, A., R,. Asadzamaneh, K.(2005). Small and medium enterprises Technology (TSMEs). Farda Enterprise.
Majidi, J., & Shadabi, B. (2005). Industrial Cooperation, Industrial Cluster and Sustainable Development. Faranak Payek, Tehran: Hezaran publication.
Mansouri, I. (2007). Introduction to industrial clusters.Iran Small Industries & Industrial Parks Organization.
Mansouri, I,. (2005). Guide the development of industrial clusters.Ministry of Industries and Mines Organization of Iran Small Industries & Industrial Parks, Office of industrial clusters.
Marshall, A. (1890), Principles of Economics. London: Macmillan.
Mohammadi, M,. (2009). An overview of the definition and characteristics of industrial clusters. Ministry of Industry. Industry and Economic Affairs, Bureau of Non-metal industry.
Moghimi, S., M,. & Khanifar, H., & Ghaderi, E. (2006). Study managers' entrepreneurial skills and organizational effectiveness in small and medium businesses (SMEs). Knowledge Management. The period 20, number 79, 93-110.
Moulaert, F., & Sekia, F. (2003), Territorial Innovation Models: A critical Survey, Regional Studies, 37 (3).
Porter, M.E. (1998), Clusters and the New Economic of Competition, Harvard Business Review, 56: 1452-78.
Riyahi, A., & Allahyari Sweeney, R. (2004). Approach to the development of small and medium businesses in the form of trade markets – industrial. Tomorrow Management Quarterly, Issue 5 & 6. 33- 19.
Roberto Alvarez. E. (2004), Sources of export success in small and medium-sized enterprises: the impact of public programs, Department of Economics. 18: 185–208.
Rodrigues, J.A.D., Ratusznei, S.M., Zaiat, M. (2003), Fed-batch and batch operating mode analysis of a stirred anaerobic sequencing re actor with self-immobilized biomass treating low-strength wastewater. J. Environ. Manage, 69, 193–200.
Schmitz, H., & Khalid Nadvi& others, (2002). Industrial clusters. A new approach to industrial development. Translation: Zandbaf, Abbas and Abbas Mokhber, Tehran: New Plan.
Taghavi, N., & Esmaeili Nia, M., R. (2002). Globalization and the development of small and medium firms. Tabriz: Publish community project.
Yazdani, A. (2007). Study Status Small Industries and Industrial Estates Development Program. Monthly shoe industry, the thirteenth year. Number 106, 42-43.
