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        1 - A Feasibility Study on the Development of Hazelnut Processing Industries in Guilan Province, North of Iran
        Hossein Shadab Langroudi Saeed Firouzi
        The development of hazelnut processing industries is one of the major challenges of hazelnut production in Guilan province, Iran. Hence, the factors influencing the development of these industries in this province were explored by the Delphi technique in three rounds. A More
        The development of hazelnut processing industries is one of the major challenges of hazelnut production in Guilan province, Iran. Hence, the factors influencing the development of these industries in this province were explored by the Delphi technique in three rounds. After consultation with academic teachers and researchers of relevant research institutes, 31 experts were selected as the research panel members from Agriculture Jihad Organization and the affiliates of Hazelnut Research Institute in Guilan province. The results demonstrated that "specifically supporting large-scale and pioneer orchard owners to establish hazelnut processing industries", "establishing wholesale purchase centers of hazelnut in the context of agricultural production cooperatives", and "training agriculture processing industry experts of the province by dispatching them to countries pioneering in hazelnut processing industries" were the most prominent driving factors of the development of hazelnut processing industries in Guilan province as agreed upon by 98.81%, 96.68%, and 93.74% of the panel members, respectively. in addition, "inappropriate crop insurance coverage of hazelnut production" with an agreement rate of 95.55%, "the lack of a regional macro-plan for the development of agriculture processing industries in the province" with an agreement rate of 94.74%, "fluctuations in hazelnut market price and neglect in official monitoring of price balance in the market by the government", and "the lack of agricultural production cooperatives in the region and the weak cooperative culture " with agreement rates of 92.32% were found to be the main inhibiting factors of the establishment and development of hazelnut processing in the region. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Factors Affecting the Development of Hazelnut Harvesting Mechanization in Guilan Province of Iran
        Saeed Firouzi Mohammad Sadegh Allahyari Faramarz Hadizadeh Vikram Koundinya
        Guilan Province is the biggest hazelnut producer in Iran. Over 70% of hazelnut production cost is due to its manual harvesting. Therefore, study on all aspects of its cultivation mechanization is necessary to sustain its production. This study focused on identifying fac More
        Guilan Province is the biggest hazelnut producer in Iran. Over 70% of hazelnut production cost is due to its manual harvesting. Therefore, study on all aspects of its cultivation mechanization is necessary to sustain its production. This study focused on identifying factors that affect the development of hazelnut harvesting mechanization in Guilan Province, Iran, using a three-round Delphi technique. The technical panel of the study consisted of 27 hazelnut production in Eastern Guilan. The factor “observing engineering principles in the construction of new hazelnut orchards (row planting at appropriate density)” was identified as the most important driving factor with about 99% consensus from experts. Also, the factors “devising regional and provincial macro plans for developing orchard mechanization” and “development of mechanized irrigation of orchards with convenient methods tailored to local conditions” were ranked the second and third most important driving factors, respectively, with 91.30% and 90.05% consensus of experts. The most important inhibiting factor was found to be “the slope of most hazelnut farms” with 96% consensus of experts. The second most important inhibiting factors were “lack of appropriate roads for quick and convenient access to hazelnut cultivation machinery” and “hazelnut growers’ limited financial capability” with 94.75% consensus. These results indicated that it is necessary to address the modification of old gardens to oblige observing the construction principles of orchards tailored to hazelnut mechanical harvesting and to purposefully and specifically support research on the design and manufacture of small-scale implements for hazelnut harvesting tailored to local conditions of hazelnut orchards in Guilan Province. Manuscript profile