The Evaluation of Three Commercial Pistachio Cultivars on UCB1-hybride Rootstock under Field Conditions
Subject Areas : MicrobiologyM. Ahmadi Kouhbanani 1 , A. Taj Abadi Pour 2 , D. Abadikhah 3
1 - Department of Horticulture, Jiroft Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jiroft, Iran
2 - Pistachio Research Center, Horticultural Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rafsanjan, Iran
3 - Research and Development Department of Nazari Co., Kerman, Iran
Keywords: Growth characteristics, Pistachio, cultivar, compatibility, rootstocks,
Abstract :
Pistachio is the most important nut that is produced in Iran. Little research has been done to examine the effect of UCB1-hybride rootstock plants as tissue culture for pistachios (2011 in Toba company).This study aims to evaluate three pistachio varieties on UCB1 hybrid rootstock. The experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design with three treatment groups (including Ohadi, Akbari and Ahmadaghaii) in three replications in Mahan, Kerman. The results showed that the three treatment groups were affecting in terms of diameter of the top part of the graft, the branch length, and graft height and leaf area. In addition, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium concentrations were measured. Akbari showed better result. The rootstock affected the amount of nutrients absorbed in the three treatment groups. The Ahmadaghai cultivar had the highest compatibility to rootstock because of high concentration of elements. The Akbari cultivar had the lowest compatibility to the UCB1 hybrid rootstock. Correlation analysis revealed that correlation coefficients between the traits were significant. The leaf calcium percentage was correlated to the branch diameter. I On the other hand; increasing the amount of leaf calcium caused an increase in the branch diameter. Stem diameter increased the number of branches and tree canopy.
Ashworth LJ (1985) Verticillium resistant rootstock research. Annual Report of the California Pistachio Industry. 54-56.
Ayers RS, Westcot DW (1985) Water quality for agriculture. Food Agr. Org. Irr. Drainage Paper 29. FAO United Nations, Rome.
Carmen Gijón M, Gimenez C, Perez-López D, Guerrero J, Francisco Couceiro J, Moriana A (2010) Rootstock influences the response of pistachio (Pistacia vera L. cv. Kerman) to water stress and rehydration. 125(4), 666–671.
Caruso T, Iannini C, Monastra F, Zakynthinos G, Rouskas D, Barone E, Marra FP, Sottile F, Batlle I, Vargas F, Romero M, Padulosi S, Greco CI, Cabina MR, Martelli G, Ak BE, Laghezali M (1998) Genetic and phenotypic diversity in pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) germplasm collected Mediterranean countries. Acta Horticulturae. 470, 168-178.
Crane JC, Forde HI, 1976. Effects of four rootstocks on yield and quality of pistachio nuts. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science. 101, 604-606.
Crane JC, Iwakiri BT (1986) Pistachio yield and quality as affected by rootstock. Hort Science. 21, 1139-1140
Davarynejad Gh, Nagy Peter T, Davarynejad E (2012) Concentration of Some Major Elements in the Kernel of Pistacia atlantica desf., P. Vera Variety “sarakhs”, “badami zarand” and Cultivated Pistachio in Iran. Journal of Nuts. 3(1), 7-12.
Epstein L, Beede R, Kaur S, Ferguson L (2003) Rootstock Effects on Pistachio Trees Grown in Verticillium dahliae-Infested Soil. American Phytopathological Society. Publication no. P-2004-0130-02R
Ferguson L (1991) A preliminary report - freeze damage to pistachios. Purely Pistachio. Pp. 6-7.
Ferguson L, Poss JA, Grattan SR, Grieve CM, Wang D, Wilson C, Donovan TJ, Chao CT(2002) Pistachio Rootstocks Influence Scion Growth and Ion Relations under Salinity and Boron Stress. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science. 127(2), 194-199.
Ferguson L (1995) Pistachio production. Center of Fruit and Nut Crop Research and Information. University of California at Davis. Department of Pomology, 2037 Wickson Hall. Davis, CA95616 USA. pp. 160.
Ferguson L, Sanden BL, Grattan SR, Reyes H, Wilson C, Cross E (2001) Potential for using blended drainage water for irrigating West Side, San Joaquin Valley pistachios. Calif. Pistachio Comm., Fresno, Annu. Proposal and Rpt.
FNB (1997b) Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine, Calcium, Dietary Reference Intakes: Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D and Fluoride, Washington D.C., National Academy Press, 71-145.
Fotouhi Ghazvini R, Sajadian H, Hokmabadi H, Ahmad S (2007) Effects of Pistachio Rootstocks on Eco physiological Characteristics of Commercial Pistachio Cultivars. International Journal of Agriculture & Biology. 1560 –8530/2007/09–2–352–354.
Golan-Goldhirsh A, Barazani O, Wang ZS, Khadka DK, Saunders JA, Kostikosky V, Rowland LJ (2004) Genetic relationships among Mediterranean pistacia species evaluated by RAPD and AFLP markers. Plant Systematics and Evolution. 246, 9-18.
Hormoza JI, Pinney K, Polito VS (1998) Genetic diversity of Pistachio (Pistacia vera, Anacardiaceae) germplasm based on randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Economic Botany. 52(1), 78-87.
Johnson RS, Weinba um SA (1987) Variation in tree size, yield, cropping efficiency and alternate bearing among ‘Kerman’ pistachio trees. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science. 112, 942–945.
Kafkas S, Perl-Treves R (2001). Morphological and molecular phylogeny of Pistacia species in Turkey. Theoretical and Applied Genetics. 102, 908-915.
Kafkas S, Perl-treves R (2002) Inerspecific relationships in Pistacia based on RAPD fingerprinting. Hort Science. 37, 168-171.
Kamangar T, Farsam H (1997) Chemical composition of pistachio kernels of various Iranian origins. Journal of Food Science. 42, 1135-1136
Kandemir BE Ak M, Sakar E (2013) Effect of different Pistachio rootstocks on budding methods success and growth of scions. ISHS Acta Horticulturae. 981: II Balkan Symposium on Fruit Growing
Kizilgoz I, Sakin E, Aslan N (2010) The effects of zinc fertilisation on the yield of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) grown under rainfed conditions. African Journal of Agricultural Research. 5, 427-243.
Knochel JP (2006) Phosphorus, in: Shils ME, Shike M, Ross AC, CaballeroB, Cousins RJ (Eds.), Modern nutrition in health and disease. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 211-222.
Moreno MA., Adrada R, Aparicio J, Betran JA, Performance of Sunburst sweet cherry grafted on different rootstocks. Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology. 76(2001), 167–173.
Morgan DP, Epstein L, Ferguson L (1992) Verticillium wilt resistance in pistachio rootstock cultivars: Assays and an assessment of two interspecific hybrids. Plant Disease Journal. 76, 310-313.
Parfitt Dan E, Badenes Maria L (1997) Phylogeny of the genus Pistacia as determined from analysis of the chloroplast genome. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. USA. 94, 7987-7992.
Rahemi M, tavallali V (2007) Effects of rootstock on Iranian pistachio scion cultivars. Article published by EDP Sciences and available at http://www.fruits-journal.org or http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/fruits:2007027.
Sepaskhah AR, Maftoun M (1988) Relative salt tolerance of pistachio cultivars. Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology. 63, 157–162.
Sepaskhah AR, Maftoun M, Karimian N (1985) Growth and chemical composition of pistachio as affected by salinity and applied iron. Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology. 60, 115–121.
Sherafati A, Hokmabadi H, Taheri M (2011) Effects of some rootstocks on mineral nutrient uptake in two pistachio cultivars (Pistacia vera L.). ISHS Acta Horticulturae . 912: V International Symposium on Pistachios and Almonds.10.17660/ActaHortic.2011.912.28.
Tajabadipour A, Panahi B, Zadehparizi R (2006) The effect of rootstock and scion on early splitting and cracked hull of Pistachio ISHS Acta Horticulturae 726: IV International Symposium on Pistachios and Almonds.
Tavallali V, Rahemi M (2007) Effects of Rootstock on Nutrient Acquisition by Leaf, Kernel and Quality of Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.). American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences. 2(3), 240-246.
Walker RR, Torokfalvy E, Behboudian HM (1987) Uptake and distribution of chloride, sodium and potassium ions and growth of salt-treated Pistachio Plant. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research. 38, 383-394.