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List of Articles
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Open Access Article
1 - The influence of Iranian architectural style on the garden of Indian buildings in the Gorkan era (with emphasis on the garden-tombs of the Gorkan sultans)
Soleyman Rostamian Mahmood Seyyed Fayyaz ZaahedThe influence of Iranian architectural art on Indian architecture is a category that is as old as the cultural-civilization relations between Iran and India, and according to historical evidence, its history goes back to the third century BC, when we witnessed that in t MoreThe influence of Iranian architectural art on Indian architecture is a category that is as old as the cultural-civilization relations between Iran and India, and according to historical evidence, its history goes back to the third century BC, when we witnessed that in the capital of the Mauryan empire, Patliputra, There were influences of Iranian architecture.This flow after the emergence of Islam in the 7th century AH / 13 AD. And especially after the formation of Islamic states in India, it became more intense. The art of Iranian-Islamic architecture with its unique characteristics was used in the construction of large mosques in India, and while combining with Indian architecture, it benefited from Indian materials that were suitable for the climate there. In this regard, Indian architecture benefited from the accuracy and subtleties of Iranian architecture, and from the combination of those two new and independent styles emerged in the art of architecture, which became known as the Indo-Iranian style. Before the Gurkanians came to power, the Indian aspect of this style was more obvious, but in the Gurkanian era, its Iranian aspect prevailed. This style in the construction of the tombs of Gorkani sultans was widely inspired by the garden tradition of the Safavid era. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Investigating the Process of the Formation of the Defensive Walls in the City of Mashhad
Hamed TahmasebizaveThe city of Mashhad gradually took shape and expanded after the martyrdom of Imam Reza, around his mausoleum. Throughout history, defensive walls with towers were built in three different periods to ensure the security of citizens and pilgrims around this city. Historic MoreThe city of Mashhad gradually took shape and expanded after the martyrdom of Imam Reza, around his mausoleum. Throughout history, defensive walls with towers were built in three different periods to ensure the security of citizens and pilgrims around this city. Historical reports and dedicatory Qurans testify to the existence of the existence of defensive walls around the city of Mashhad from the fourth century, which is considered the first defensive wall constructed for the city of Mashhad. the second defensive wall for this city was constructed by Faramarz ibn Ali in 515 AH. The last defensive wall for the city was built by Shah Tahmaseb Safavi to ensure that the city remained safe from Uzbek attacks forever. This defensive wall remained around the city of Mashhad until the first Pahlavi dynasty. During the first Pahlavi dynasty, the improvement of urban security in Mashhad reduced the effectiveness of the city's towers and defensive walls, leading to the expansion of the city beyond the defensive walls. The lack of maintenance for the defensive wall, along with leveling and destroying it to create new roads and expand the city, destroyed the defensive wall of Mashhad. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Review on Proto Elamite Tablets
Zahra Tavakoli Morteza HessariIn the second half of the fourth millennium BC. Southwest Asia underwent social changes, the result of which was the emergence of writing. In these developments, the cuneiform script in the south of the Mesopotamia and the Proto Elamite in the Iranian plateau progressed MoreIn the second half of the fourth millennium BC. Southwest Asia underwent social changes, the result of which was the emergence of writing. In these developments, the cuneiform script in the south of the Mesopotamia and the Proto Elamite in the Iranian plateau progressed rapidly to such an extent that at the beginning of Elamite was scattered throughout the Iranian plateau. These writing systems were used for administrative and accounting purposes, and despite the fact that most of their signs are different from each other; there are important similarities between the two. Chalcolithic era, the best period in which you can see the idea of trading's and keeping of account; for the first time in this course, tools are seen which called them Token; it seems that the tokens in a variety of forms and counting symbols refer to a specific concept. The end of this period coincides with the Proto Elamites era in the south and southwest of Iran. Domestic production in the Neolithic period gave his place to the production of a workshop in the Chalcolithic era, which causes a lot of production. In the present study, firstly, will be investigated, small clay counters and then the Proto Elamite texts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Research on the environmental quality of the western region of the country from an archaeological perspective and its role in the development of rural tourism
Ali Zolfaghari Saeid Salehi Marzijani Mahmoud TeymouriOne of the most important destinations that has affected the world's tourism trends over the past decades is rural centers. The growth of short-term trips has transformed these destinations into major tourist centers, and this phenomenon is evident in the decrease MoreOne of the most important destinations that has affected the world's tourism trends over the past decades is rural centers. The growth of short-term trips has transformed these destinations into major tourist centers, and this phenomenon is evident in the decrease in the average length of stay of tourists in many destinations worldwide. Villages are multi-purpose tourist destinations and play a significant role as centers of tourism activity. Archaeology has made significant contributions to the understanding of past cultures and civilizations and has brought fresh perspectives to the social sciences and arts. The methods of conducting archaeological research and the process of reaching desired results are of considerable interest to the general public, especially those who are interested in sensory and tangible exploration; therefore, the best approach to popularize archaeology is to establish its connection with tourism. Tourism shares common fields of knowledge and activities with archaeology and has made significant efforts in the development, preservation, revitalization, and enhancement of structures and monuments resulting from archaeological activities. Now, due to the common issues between archaeology and tourism, they can establish a close relationship in the cultural field. This research aims to focus on ancient and historical works as tourist attractions and as factors generating income and long-term development needs in this sector, which leads to the necessary groundwork for the sustainable development of tourism based on a historical and cultural approach. This analysis is a mixed methodological approach based on observation, interviews, questionnaires, and statistical data Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Reading Architectural Spaces Based on Historical Dialectical Models (Case study: Bernard Tschumi's architecture)
Sara Khodaee Siamak Panahi Mehrnosh Ghodsi Leila KarimifardThis research focuses on the role of dialectics in architectural design and the interpretation of text and architectural spaces based on this approach. In today's constantly changing post-modern life, the issue of meaningful and identity-based design in architecture is MoreThis research focuses on the role of dialectics in architectural design and the interpretation of text and architectural spaces based on this approach. In today's constantly changing post-modern life, the issue of meaningful and identity-based design in architecture is a topic of discussion. Dialectics necessitates the creation of spaces derived from fundamental concepts of existence for human interaction with the environment and the continuous creation of events. As one of the acts of existence, dialectics can serve as a concept in phenomena and explain the method in categories. The research is conducted using descriptive, analytical, and phenomenological methods, and the various layers of conceptual existence are analyzed through analogical and inductive approaches. The concepts are then reviewed using the dialectical method, and the different modes of interaction between component layers are analyzed. The Swiss architect Bernard Tschoumi's works are examined and interpreted as a case study, and the three-level component concepts are explored. The case study is analyzed, and the results are extracted hermeneutically. The components of architectural design derived from dialectics are then read, and an effective dialectical model for text reading is developed, which has the ability to adapt and visualize the conceptual components that are influential in design. This process has the potential to provide identity to architectural spaces in today's continuously evolving life. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Analysis of the Kurdish Tale "Shirzad Shirdil" Based on Joseph Campbell's Theory of the Hero's Journey
Marjan Aliakbarzade zehtabThe present article, which has been written in a descriptive-analytical manner based on field studies in the field of popular literature, examines the oral and Kurdish tale "Shirzad Shirdil," which has not yet been fully documented, based on Joseph Campbell's (1904-1987 MoreThe present article, which has been written in a descriptive-analytical manner based on field studies in the field of popular literature, examines the oral and Kurdish tale "Shirzad Shirdil," which has not yet been fully documented, based on Joseph Campbell's (1904-1987) theory of the hero's journey. It aligns the stages of the tale with this theory and also addresses some of its symbols. The importance of the present subject is due to the cultural-literary value of folk tales and the interdisciplinary position of Campbell's theory. The main question is: How and to what extent do the stages of this tale correspond to the hero's journey? The hypothesis is that although this tale does not have all the stages of Campbell's hero's journey, it has most of them. Based on the research findings, since Shirzad is accompanied by the older dimension of his existence – Malek-Ahmad - both dimensions must necessarily attain transcendence. Therefore, to complete the hero's journey, the repetition of a stage such as the meeting with the goddess, the passage through the belly of the whale, the ultimate boon, the apotheosis, and the master of two worlds is sometimes manifested. Additionally, this tale lacks the stages of the hero's refusal of return, the magical flight, and the rescue from without. Manuscript profile
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