تدوین راهبردهای فنی هوشمندسازی مدیریت منابع آب در شهر همدان

هادی رضایی راد ¹ ( گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران. )
مجید غریب زاهدی ² ( دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران. )

تاریخ ارسال : 1404/03/26 تاریخ تایید : 1404/06/23

کلید واژه: مدیریت منابع آب, شهر هوشمند, تغییرات اقلیمی, راهبردهای هوشمندسازی,

چکیده مقاله :

بحران فزاینده منابع آب ناشی از تغییرات اقلیمی، کاهش بارندگی، افت سفره‌های زیرزمینی و توسعه نامتوازن شهری، شهر همدان را با چالش‌های جدی زیست‌محیطی، اجتماعی و اقتصادی مواجه ساخته است. در این میان، هوشمندسازی به‌عنوان رویکردی نوین در مدیریت منابع آب شهری، امکان تحول در ساختار تصمیم‌گیری و تخصیص منابع را فراهم می‌کند. در این پژوهش، از رویکرد ترکیبی کیفی–کمی استفاده شد. ابتدا شاخص‌های مرتبط با شهر هوشمند و مدیریت منابع آب از طریق مرور نظام‌مند ادبیات استخراج گردید. سپس این شاخص‌ها با بهره‌گیری از روش دلفی و نظر خبرگان حوزه آب، پالایش و اعتبارسنجی شدند. در ادامه، داده‌های حاصل با روش خوشه‌بندی طبیعی جنکس دسته‌بندی و میزان اثرگذاری ابعاد مختلف شهر هوشمند بر شاخص‌های مدیریت منابع آب محاسبه گردید. نتایج کمی نشان داد که در میان ابعاد شهر هوشمند، محیط زیست هوشمند، حکمرانی هوشمند و اقتصاد هوشمند بیشترین تأثیر را بر شاخص‌های مدیریت منابع آب داشته‌اند در حالی که تحرک هوشمند کمترین تأثیر را داشته است. همچنین هشت شاخص کلیدی مدل شامل حکمرانی دیجیتال منابع آب با میانگین اثرگذاری 4/4، مشارکت فناورانه و سواد آبی شهروندی با میانگین اثرگذاری 5/4، پایش کیفی هوشمند با میانگین اثرگذاری آن 3/4، پایش کمی بلادرنگ با میانگین اثرگذاری 8/3، مدیریت یکپارچه داده‌محور با میانگین اثرگذاری 1/4، تاب‌آوری اقلیمی و زیستی با میانگین اثرگذاری 7/3، تطبیق مکانی منابع و مصارف با میانگین اثرگذاری 2/4، و عدالت آبی و محرومیت فضایی با میانگین اثرگذاری1/4 شناسایی شدند. مقایسه بین شاخص‌ها نشان داد که ابعاد مرتبط با حکمرانی و محیط‌زیست نسبت به سایر ابعاد، تأثیرگذاری بیشتری در بهبود مدیریت منابع آب دارند. جمع‌بندی کلی بیانگر آن است که مدل مفهومی پیشنهادی می‌تواند با شناسایی نقاط بحرانی، بهینه‌سازی تخصیص منابع و کاهش پرت آب، زمینه ارتقاء شفافیت نهادی، مشارکت شهروندی و تاب‌آوری شهری را در برابر بحران‌های آتی فراهم سازد. همچنین، به‌کارگیری این نتایج در قالب طرح‌های توسعه شهری می‌تواند ضمن ایجاد هم‌راستایی میان سیاست‌های شهری و مدیریت هوشمند منابع آب، زمینه تحقق عملی دستاوردهای پژوهش، ارتقای کارایی طرح‌ها و افزایش پایداری بلندمدت منابع آبی را فراهم سازد.

چکیده انگلیسی :

The growing water crisis caused by climate change, reduced precipitation, groundwater depletion, and unbalanced urban development has exposed the city of Hamedan to serious environmental, social, and economic challenges. In this context, “smartification” has emerged as an innovative strategy in urban water resource management, offering the potential to transform decision-making structures and resource allocation mechanisms.This study aims to develop an integrated conceptual model for implementing smart water resource management within the smart city framework of Hamedan. A mixed-methods approach (qualitative–quantitative) was adopted. In the first stage, key indicators related to smart cities and water resource management were extracted through a systematic review of the literature. These indicators were then refined and validated using the Delphi method, involving domain experts in the water sector. In the next phase, the data were analyzed and categorized using Jenks natural breaks clustering technique.

The final outcome is a conceptual model structured around the interaction between technology, governance, and civic participation. The model incorporates eight integrated indicators: (1) digital water governance, (2) technology-enabled citizen engagement and water literacy, (3) smart monitoring of water quality, (4) real-time quantitative monitoring, (5) integrated data-driven water management, (6) climatic and ecological resilience, (7) spatial adaptation of resources and demands, and (8) water equity and spatial deprivation.

The findings suggest that the proposed model not only enables the identification of critical hotspots, optimization of allocation, and reduction of water losses, but also promotes participatory governance, institutional transparency, and urban resilience in the face of future climate-related crises.

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