Characterization of chemical profiles of essential oils and volatiles of Pulicaria gnaphalodes (Vent.) Boiss. using classical hydrodistillation, classical steam distillation, microwave-assisted hydrodistillation, solvent free microwave extraction, headspace, headspace-solidphase microextraction combined with gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric determination
Subject Areas : Essential Oils: Classical and Advanced Techniques for Isolation and Biological Activities
1 - Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences, Shahrood Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrood, Iran
Keywords: Classical hydrodistillation (CHD), Classical steam distillation (CSD), Headspace (HS), Headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME), Microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MAHD), Pulicaria gnaphalodes (Vent.) Boiss., Solvent free microwave extraction (SFME),
Abstract :
In this study, the essential oils and volatiles from the flowers, leaves, and stems of Pulicaria gnaphalodes (Vent.) Boiss. were characterized for the first time using microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MAHD), solvent-free microwave extraction (SFME), headspace-assisted (HS) extraction, and solid-phase microextraction (SPME). The results were also compared with those obtained from traditional separation techniques, including classical hydrodistillation (CHD) and classical steam distillation (CSD). While some common compounds were identified across all profiles, notable differences emerged due to the varying extraction methods employed. In terms of chemical categories, oxygenated monoterpenes were found to be the most prevalent group of natural compounds contributing to the overall chemical profiles. Moreover, 1,8-cineole was identified as the major constituent component of all the characterized profiles.
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Feng, X., Kuang, Y., Gan, L., Zhou, S., Zheng, J., Ouyang, G., 2024. Solid phase microextraction for the bioanalysis of emerging organic pollutants. TRAC Trend Anal. Chem., 117786.
Freitas, L.C., Moraes, V.S.V., da Silva, S.B., de Carvalho Junior, R.N., 2023. Acquisition of Essential Oils Through Traditional Techniques, Essential Oils: Extraction Methods and Applications, pp. 859-869.
Gandomi, H., Abbaszadeh, S., Rahimikia, E., Shariatifar, N., 2015. Volatile organic compound from Pulicaria gnaphalodes and the antibacterial and antifungal properties of its essential oil and aqueous, ethanolic and methanolic extracts. J. Food Process. Preserv. 39(6), 2129-2134.
Gherib, M., Bekhechi, C., Bekkara, F.A., Bighelli, A., Casanova, J., Tomi, F., 2016. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from aerial parts of Algerian Pulicaria mauritanica. Nat. Prod. Commun. 11(1), 109-112.
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Harati, E., Moosavi, S.G., Nakhaei, F., Seghatoleslami, M.J., 2023. Effect of sowing date and nitrogen rate on morphological traits, seed production and essential oil of Pulicaria gnaphalodes (Vent.) Boiss. J. Med. Plants By-Prod. 12(3), 233-242.
Hashemi-Moghaddam, H., Mohammadhosseini, M., Azizi, Z., 2018. Impact of amine- and phenyl-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles impacts on microwave-assisted extraction of essential oils from root of Berberis integerrima Bunge. J. Appl. Res. Med. Aromat. Plants 10, 1-8.
Issa, M.Y., Ezzat, M.I., Sayed, R.H., Elbaz, E.M., Omar, F.A., Mohsen, E., 2020. Neuroprotective effects of Pulicaria undulata essential oil in rotenone model of parkinson's disease in rats: Insights into its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects. S. Afr. J. Bot. 132, 289-298.
Karimi, A., Gross, J., 2024. Development and validation of an innovative headspace collection technique: Volatile organic compound patterns emitted by different developmental stages of Halyomorpha halys. Front. Hortic. 3, 1380008.
Karpuz Ağören, B., Akkol, E.K., 2024. Secondary Metabolites of Turmeric Extract and Essential Oils, Curcumin and Neurodegenerative Diseases: From Traditional to Translational Medicines. Springer, pp. 81-99.
Kasote, D.M., Nawaz, M.A., Usman, K., Ullah, N., Alsafran, M., 2024. A critical review on Pulicaria species occurring in Qatar: Traditional uses, phytochemistry and biological activities. Phytochem. Rev.
Khani, A., Asghari, J., 2012. Insecticide activity of essential oils of Mentha longifolia, Pulicaria gnaphalodes and Achillea wilhelmsii against two stored product pests, the flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, and the cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus. J. Insect Sci. 12.
Kırkıncı, S., Gercek, Y.C., Baştürk, F.N., Yıldırım, N., Gıdık, B., Bayram, N.E., 2024. Evaluation of lavender essential oils and by-products using microwave hydrodistillation and conventional hydrodistillation. Sci. Rep. 14(1), 20922.
Koonani, S., Ghiasvand, A., 2023. A comprehensive theory for vacuum-assisted headspace extraction of solid samples. J. Chromatogr. A 1712, 464465.
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