بررسی اثر باکتری‌های محرک رشد در تحریک جوانه‌زنی و بهبود مولفه‌های رشدی بذر پروونانس‌های گونه محلب (Cerasus mahaleb (L.) Mill) (منطقه مطالعاتی: فریدونشهر-استان اصفهان)
محورهای موضوعی :
بهمن زمانی کبرآبادی
1
(دکتری جنگل شناسی و اکولوژی جنگل، بخش تحقيقات منابع طبیعی، مركز تحقيقات و آموزش كشاورزي و منابع طبيعي استان اصفهان، سازمان تحقيقات، آموزش و ترويج كشاورزي، اصفهان)
زهرا جابرالانصار
2
(محقق، بخش تحقيقات منابع طبیعی، مركز تحقيقات و آموزش كشاورزي و منابع طبيعي استان اصفهان، سازمان تحقيقات، آموزش و ترويج كشاورزي، اصفهان)
مسعود اسماعیلی شریف
3
(استادیار، بخش تحقيقات منابع طبیعی، مركز تحقيقات و آموزش كشاورزي و منابع طبيعي استان اصفهان، سازمان تحقيقات، آموزش و ترويج كشاورزي، اصفهان)
کلید واژه: باکتری محرک رشد, محلب, پروونانس, جوانه زنی,
چکیده مقاله :
از مهم¬ترین تکنیک¬های بهبود کمی و کیفی نهال استفاده از تیمار بذر با باکتری¬های محرک رشد است که می¬تواند مقاومت گیاه را در برابر شرایط نامساعد افزایش دهد. به همین منظور اثر تلقیح بذر گونه محلب در 10 پروونانس جنگل¬های شهرستان فریدونشهر استان اصفهان با مهم¬ترین باکتری¬های ریزوسفری محرک رشد گیاه، بر مولفه¬های جوانه زنی بذر در آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک¬های کامل تصادفی در آزمایشگاه بخش منابع طبیعی مرکز تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی استان اصفهان در سال 1399 با سه تکرار انجام گرفت، تلقیح بذر با پنج سطح شامل عدم تلقیح باکتریایی (به عنوان شاهد)، تلقیح با باکتری¬های (Bacillus sp.)، (Azotobacter sp.)، (fluorescens Pseudomonas) و تیمار ترکیبی از سه باکتری محرک رشد (MIX) و محاسبه مولفه-های مختلف جوانه زنی بذر گونه محلب انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد تیمار تلقیح ترکیبی (MIX) بیش-ترین تأثیر را بر شاخص¬های سرعت جوانه¬زنی (039/0 عدد در روز)، بنیه بذر (20/39)، قدرت جوانه-زنی (38/20 درصد) و طول ریشه¬چه (66/8 میلی‌متر) نسبت به سایر تیمارها داشت. تیمار باکتری fluorescens P. نیز بهترین عملکرد را در شاخص درصد جوانه¬زنی (55/17 درصد) و طول ساقه¬چه (76/8 میلی¬متر) از خود نشان داد. از سوی دیگر ضعیف¬ترین عملکرد در بین تیمارهای باکتری محرک رشد مربوط به باکتری (Bacillus sp.) بود. از بین 10 منطقه جمع¬آوری بذر گونه محلب مناطق ذخیره¬گاه جنگلی چال خلیل 1 و 2 و همچنین پشتکوه سوم دورک 2 شاخص¬های جوانه¬زنی بذر بهتری نسبت به مناطق دیگر نشان دادند. بطور کلی، تلقیح بذر به وسیله باکتری¬های محرک رشد می¬تواند راهکاری مناسب در جهت تولید نهال سالم و قوی، استقرار بهتر و همچنین افزایش موفقیت نهال¬کاری در رویشگاه‌های آشفته و تخریب یافته گونه محلب در جنگل¬های زاگرس باشد.
One of the most important techniques for improving the quality and quantity of seedlings is the use of seed treatment with PGPR, which can increase the plant's resistance to adverse conditions. For this purpose, the effect of seed inoculation of Cerasus mahaleb in 10 forest provenances of Fereydunshahr city, Isfahan province with the most important rhizosphere bacteria that stimulate plant growth, on the components of seed germination in a factorial experiment in the form of a randomized complete block design It was done with three replications in the greenhouse, seed inoculation with five levels including no bacterial inoculation (as a control), inoculation with (Bacillus sp.), (Azotobacter sp.), (Pseudomonas fluorescens) and a combination treatment of three growth stimulating (MIX) and calculation of different components of Cerasus mahaleb seed germination was done. The results showed that mixed inoculation treatment (MIX) had the greatest effect on the indicators of germination speed (0.039 per day), seed germination (39.20), germination strength (20.38 percent) and The root length was (8.66 mm) compared to other treatments. P. fluorescens bacteria treatment also showed the best performance in germination percentage index (17.55%) and stem length (8.76 mm). On the other hand, the weakest performance among the bacterial treatments was related to the growth promoting bacteria (Bacillus sp.). Among the 10 areas of Cerasus mahaleb seed collection, Chal Khalil 1 and 2 forest reserve areas as well as Peshtkoh Som Durak 2 showed better seed germination indicators than other areas. In general, seed inoculation with PGPR can be a suitable solution for producing healthy and strong seedlings, better establishment, and also increasing the success of planting seedlings in disturbed and degraded habitats of Cerasus mahaleb in Zagros forests.
Ahemad, M., Khan, M.S. 2012a. Effect of fungicides on plant growth promoting activities of phosphate solubilizing Pseudomonas putidaisolated from mustard (Brassica compestris) rhizosphere.Chemosphere 86:945–950.
Asgharzadeh A. Hamidi A. Polo R. Dehghan Shaar M. Qalavand A and Malkuti M. 2018. Investigating the effect of the application of plant growth-enhancing bacteria on the emergence and establishment of seedlings and the seed yield of late hybrids of corn in the field. Journal of Seedling and Seed Agriculture, Volume 25 (Number 2), Pages 183 to 206
Bahmani R. Incomparable m. Habibi D and Hasibi A. 2013. Investigating the effect of growth-promoting bacteria on the hormone content of plant hormones in different genotypes of bean plants under cadmium stress. The 12th Congress of Agricultural Sciences and Plant Breeding of Iran, 14-16 Shahrivar, Islamic Azad University, Karaj branch.
Bahmani, M., Jalali, G.A., Asgharzadeh, A., and Tabari, M. (2015). Efficiency of Pseudomonus putida 169 on improvement few growth characters of Calotropis procera seedling under drought stress. Soil Biology, 2(3): 107-116.
Banchio E. Bogino p. Zygadlo j and Giordano w. 2008. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria improve growth and essential oil yield in Origanum majorana L. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 36:766–771.
Delgado-sanchez, P., M. Saucedo-Ruiz., S. H. Guzman-maldonado and E. Villordo- pineda. 2006. An organogenic plant system for common bean. Plant Science, 170: 822-827..
Ehtashami M.R. Pourabrahimi M and Khavazi K. 2013. The effect of Pseudomonas fluorescens strain 103 along with phosphorus fertilizer on the concentration of nutrients and biological performance of two varieties of barley under greenhouse conditions. Journal of Science and Techniques of Cultivation of Greenhouse Crops, fourth year (number 16), pages 15-26
Glick, B. R. 1998. A model for the lowering of plant ethylene concentration by PGPR. Journal of Theorical and Biology, 190: 63-68.
Hamzi, S., A. Sorouszadeh, A. Asgharzadeh, and H. Naqdi Abadi 2018. The effect of growth-promoting bacteria on the germination and growth of saffron seedlings at different temperatures. Quarterly Journal of Medicinal Plants, 11(2):115-104
ISTA (International Seed Testing Association). 2011. International Rules for Seed Testing. International Seed Testing Association, Bassersdorf, Switzerland.
Karsa K.K. and Abebie B. 2012. Influence of seed priming on seed germination and vigor traits of Vicia villosa ssp. dasycarpa (Ten.). African Journal of Agricultural Research 7(21):3202-3208.
Kazaz S. Sabri Erbas S. and Baydar H. 2010. Breaking seed dormancy in oil rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) by microbial inoculation. African Journal of Biotechnology Vol 9(39):6503-6508.
Kazaz, S., Erba, S., Baydar, H., 2010. Breaking seed dormancy in oil rose (Rosa damascenaMill.) by microbial inoculation. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 9 (39):6503–6508.
Klopper, J. W. 2003. A review of mechanisms for plant gowth promoting by PGPR. Aurburn University, Auburn Alabama 36849USA.
Lenin G. and Jayanthi M. 2012. Efficiency of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on enhancement of growth, yield and nutrient content of Catharanthus roseus. International Journal of Research in Pure and Applied Microbiology 2(4): 37-42.
Mayak S. Tirosh T. and Glick B.R. 2004. Plant growth promoting bacteria that confer resistance to water stress in tomato and pepper. Plant Science 166: 525–530.
Mc Neill A. Richardson A. Barea j. and Combaret C. 2009. Acquisition of phosphorus and nitrogenin the rhizosphere and plant growth promotion by microorganisms. Plant Soil 321:305–339..
Naderi M. R. 2013. Effect of rhizospheric bacteria promoting plant growth on plant remediation of lead by sunflower in a soil containing lead with a long history. Finalization of Master's thesis in Agroecology, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University.
Pacome Noumavo A., K. Emeric, O. Yedeou Didagbe, A. Adolphe, Marcellin, S. Rachidatou, W. Emma Gachomo, O. Simeon Kotchoni, B. M. Lamine. 2013. Effect of Different Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria on Maize Seed Germination and Seedling Development. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 4: 1013-1021.
Patel D. and Saraf M. 2013. Influence of soil ameliorants and microflora on induction of antioxidant enzymes and growth promotion of Jatropha curcas L. under saline condition. European Journal of Soil Biology 55:47-54.
Probanza a. Lucas Garc J.A. Palomino M. Ruiz. Ramos B. and Gutiérrez Mañero F.J. 2002. Pinus pinea L. seedling growth and bacterial rhizosphere structure after inoculation with PGPR Bacillus (B .Licheniformis CECT 5106 and B.pumilus CECT 5105). Applied Soil Ecology 20:75–84.
Rathnan, R.K., John, D., Balasaravanan, T., 2013. Isolation, screening, identifica-tion and optimized productionof extra cellular cellulose from Bacillus subtilisusing cellulosic waste as carbonsource. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. Food Sci,2 (6):2383–2386
Reddy, P. P. 2013.Recent Advances in crop protection. Springer, 259p.
Rekha,P.D,, Lai,W.A., Arun,A.B., Young,C.C.,2007. Effect of free and encapsulated Pseudomonas putidaCC-FR2-4 and Bacillus subtilisCC-pg104 on plant growth under gnotobiotic condition. Bio Resour Tech, 98:447–451.
Rudolph, N., N. Labuschagne and T. A. S. Aveling. 2015. The effect of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on seed germination and seedling growth of maize. Seed Science and Technology, 43:1-12.
Sabeti, H., (1976). Forests, Trees and Shrubs of Iran. Yazd University Press, Yazd, 810p.
Shaukat, K., S. Affrasayab and S. Hasnain. 2006. Growth responses of Helianthus annuus to plant growth promoting rhizobacteria used as a biofertilizer. Journal of Agriculture Research, 6:573-581.
Singh, S.K., Pancholy, A., Jindal, S.K., Pathak, R., 2011. Effect of plant growth promoting rhizobia on seed germination and seedling traits in Acacia senegal. Annals of Forest Research, 54 (2): 161–169.
Tawakal Afshari R, Abbasi Sorki A, Ghasemi A (translators). 2017. Seed technology and the basics of its biology. Tehran University Publications. 516 pages
Yonsei, A., K. Postini., M. R. Chai Chi and A. A. 2013. The application of growth-promoting bacteria on the characteristics of two types of alfalfa seeds under salt stress. Journal of Agronomy, 14(2): 83-79
Zanganeh, H. (1999). Report of existence Cerasus mahaleb (L.) Mill. in Kermanshah province forests. Published by Forests, Range and Watershed Management Organization, Tehran, 13p.