تأثیر مقادیر و منابع آهن بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد آفتابگردان روغنی
محورهای موضوعی : توليد محصولات زراعي
علي زينالي
1
( - دانش آموخته گروه كشاورزي – زراعت، واحد خوي، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي، خوي – ايران.)
کلید واژه: سبزینگی, عملکرد بیولوژیک, کلات آهن, محلول پاشي. ,
چکیده مقاله :
به منظور بررسي تاثیر مقادیر و منابع آهن بر عملکرد و اجزای آفتابگردان روغنی رقم فرخ، آزمايشي در ايستگاه تحقيقات كشاورزي و منابع طبيعي شهرستان خوي در قالب طرح بلوك‌های كامل تصادفي با 8 تيمار در 3 تكرار اجرا شد. در اين تحقيق تيمارها شاملT1 : شاهد(عدم مصرف)، T2: مصرف خاكي كلات آهن به مقدار 10 کیلوگرم در هكتار، T3: محلول پاشي كلات آهن با غلظت 5 در هزار در دو مرحله، T4 : محلول پاشي كلات آهن با غلظت 10در هزار، T5: مصرف خاكي سولفات آهن به مقدار 100 کیلوگرم در هكتار، T6: محلول پاشي سولفات آهن با غلظت 5 در هزار، T7 : مصرف خاكي سولفات آهن به مقدار 100 کیلوگرم در هكتار همراه با محلول پاشي سولفات آهن با غلظت 5 درهزار، T8: مصرف خاكي سولفات آهن به مقدار 50 کیلوگرم در هكتار همراه با محلول پاشي كلات آهن با غلظت5 در هزار بود. تجزيه واريانس صفات مشخص كرد بين تيمارهاي مختلف از لحاظ صفاتي مثل ارتفاع بوته، درصد سبزينگي، تعداد دانه در طبق، عملكرد دانه، وزن هزار دانه، قطر منطقه پوكي، درصد روغن و عملكرد بيولوژيك تفاوت معني‌داري وجود دارد. بيشترين درصد روغن(247/40) و تعداد دانه در طبق (696) و درصد سبزينگي (85/42 ) از تيمارT3 با محلول پاشي كلات آهن به ميزان 5 در هزار به‌دست آمد و بيشترين عملكرد دانه (3/351 گرم درمترمربع) از تيمار T4 با محلول پاشي كلات آهن با غلظت 10 در هزار و بيشترين وزن هزار دانه (5/62 گرم) از تيمار T8 با مصرف خاكي سولفات آهن به مقدار 50 کیلو گرم در هكتار همراه با محلول پاشي كلات آهن به مقدار 5 در هزار بدست آمد. همچنين بيشترين منطقه پوكي مربوط به تيمار T1 (عدم مصرف آهن) با 107/34 میلی‌متر و كمترين آن مربوط به تيمار T4با محلول پاشي كلات آهن به مقدار 10در هزار (10/25 ) بدست آمد. درحالت كلي اكثر تيمارهاي محلول پاشي آهن نسبت به تيمارهاي مصرف خاكي و عدم مصرف آهن در گروه آماري بالاتر قرار گرفتند، بنابراين جهت رسيدن به عملكرد بالا و ارتقاء كيفيت آفتابگردان، مصرف آهن توصيه مي‌گردد.
To study the effects of amount and source of Fe on the form of oil and foliar application on yield and its components in oil seed sunflower ( variety Farrokh ), an experiment was performed in 8 treatments and 3 replications in complete randomized block design in Agricultural and Natural Resource Station in Khoy, W. Azarbaijan. The tests were respectively T1 : control ( non consuming ), T2 : 10 kg per hectare land consuming FeEDTA. T3 : two – phase solution spray. T4 : two-phase 10 in thousand FeEDTA solution spray. T5 : 10 kg per hectare Feso4 ×H2O land consuming. T6 : in thousand Feso4 ×H2O solution spray. T7: 10 kg per hectare Feso4 ×H2O land consuming and 5 in thousand FeEDTA solution spray. T8 : 50 kg per hectare Feso4×HO land consuming and 5 in thousand FeEDTA solution spray. After the analysis of variance about characteristics under evolution, it became clear that there was a significant difference between the sprig height, chlorophyll percentage, seed number of each tray, thousand seed weight, hollow area, oil percentage, and the biological yield of different tests. The maximum percentage of oil ( 40.247 ) and number of seeds in a tray ( 696 ) and chlorophyll ( 42.85 ) were found in T3 that had used Fe solution spray ( foliar )at the rate of 5 kg per hectare in two phases of star of hand and tray seeds filling, and the maximum yield seed ( 351.3 gr) and a thousand seed weight ( 62. 567 ) was found in T8 that had used 5 kg in hectare Feso4 × H2O land consuming and 5 kg in hectare FeEDTA solution spray and the maximum hollow area was for T1 control ( non consuming ) ( 34.107 mm ) and the minimum was for T4 that had used two-phase 10 in thousand FeEDTA solution spray ( 25.10 mm ). In general, most of the tests which had used Fe solution spray were placed in upper level than other tests which used land consuming or didn't use Fe in statistical group. So, to achieve the high yields and improve the quality of sunflower, consumption of Fe is recommended.
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