اثر تنش خشکی بر تجمع پرولین، قندهای محلول و تغییرات عناصر سدیم و پتاسیم در ژنوتیپ¬های لوبیا سفید
محورهای موضوعی : توليد محصولات زراعي
1 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد شیراز، گروه علوم باغبانی، شیراز، ایران
کلید واژه: پرولین, تنش خشکی, قندهای محلول, لوبیا سفید, سدیم, پتاسیم,
چکیده مقاله :
به منظور بررسی برخی از تغییرات فیزیولوژیک، آزمایشی به صورت کرت¬های خرد شده در قالب طرح پایه بلوک¬های کامل تصادفی در 3 تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شیراز به اجرا در آمد. فاکتور اول دو سطح آبیاری (آبیاری نرمال و تنش خشکی) و فاکتور دوم شامل سه ژنوتیپ¬ لوبیا سفید (دانشکده، شکوفا و G11867) بود، که بر اساس شاخص های مورفولوژیک به ترتیب به عنوان حساس، نیمه متحمل و متحمل دسته بندی شده بودند. در مرحله 50 درصد گل¬دهی نمونه برداری انجام شد و میزان قندهای محلول، محتوای پرولین و عناصر سدیم و پتاسیم اندازه¬گیری گردید. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که غلظت قندهای محلول، محتوای پرولین و یون پتاسیم در اثر تنش خشکی افزایش و یون سدیم کاهش یافت. ژنوتیپ متحمل G11867 بیشترین میزان قندهای محلول و یون سدیم را دارا بود. ژنوتیپ حساس دانشکده از بیشترین میزان یون پتاسیم و پرولین برخوردار بود. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که تجمع بیشتر پتاسیم و محتوای پرولین لوبیا در شرایط خشکی می تواند یک سازگاری برای تحمل به خشکی باشد که به بقاء و تولید در شرایط خشکی کمک می کند.
To assess some of the physiological changes, an experiment in the form of split plots and complete randomized blocks was performed in three replications in the research fields of the Islamic Azad university of Shiraz. The firs factor was irrigation level (normal and drought stress) and the second factor included white bean genotypes, (Daneshkadeh shekoofa and G11867), which were categorized as sensitive, semi-tolerant and tolerant dehiscent based on morphological indices. Samples were taken in the 50% flowering stage and the amounts of soluble glucose, proline content, sodium and potassium were measured. The results of the experiment showed that the soluble solution density, proline content and potassium ion increased under stress and the amount of sodium ion decreased. The G11867 dehiscent genotype had the highest amount of soluble glucose and sodium ion. The Daneshkadeh sensitive genotype had the highest amount of potassium ion and proline content. The results indicated that the accumulation of excess potassium and proline content in beans under drought stress can create a kind of adaptation for the plant against drought and help production under these conditions.
Ahmadi, A., A. Siosemardeh. 2004. Effect drought stress in soluble carbohydrate, chlorophyll and proline to wheat cultivar four configure Iran climate different. Journal of Agronomy Science Iran. 3 (35): 753-763.(In Persian).
Barker, D.L., C.Y. Sulivan and L.E. Moser. 1993. Water deficits effect on osmotic potential,cell wall elasticity and prolin in five grass. Journal of Agronomy. 85: 2750-275.
Bates, I. S., R. P. Waldern, and I. D. Teare. 1973. Rapid determination of free proline for water stress studies. Journal of Plant Nutria and Soil Science. 39: 205-207.
Blum, A. 1985. Breeding crop varieties for stress environments. Crit. Rev. Journal of Plant Science. 2: 199-238.
Bohnert, H.J., D.E. Nelson, and R.G. Jensen. 1999. Adaptation to environmental stresses. Journal of Plant Cell. 7: 1099-1111.
Cakmak, I. 2005. The role of potassium in alleviating detrimental effects of abiotic stresses in plant. Journal of Plant Nutria and Soil Science. 168: 521-530.
Chandrasekar, V., R. K. Sairam, and G. C. Srivastava. 2000. Physiological and biochemical responses of hexaploid and tetraploid wheat to drought stress. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science. 185: 219-227.
Chaves, M.M. J.S. Pereira, J. Maroco, M.L. Rodrigues, C.P.P. Ricardo, M.L. Osorio, I. Carvalho, T. Faria, and C. Pinheiro. 2002. How plants cope with water stress in the field. Photosynthesis and growth. Journal of Annals of Botany. 89: 907-916.
Ehdaie, B., G.A. Alloush, M.A. Madore, and J.G. Waines. 2006. Genotypic variation for stem reserves and mobilization in wheat: I. postanthesis changes in internode dry matter. Journal of Crop Science. 46: 735- 746.
El-Jafari, S. 2000. Durum wheat breeding for abiotic stresses resistance: Defining physiological traits and criteria options Mediterranean's. Serie A. 40: 251-256.
Ghorbani-Javid, M., F. Moradi, G.H.A. Akbari and A. Dadi. 2006. Role some metabolites in osmotic adjustment in Alfalfa under drought stress. Journal of Agronomy Iran. 8(2): 90- 105.(In Persian).
Hare, P. D., W. A. Cress, and J. Van Standen. 1998. Dissecting the roles of osmolyte accumulation during stress. Journal of Plant Cell Environment. 21: 535–553.
Iannucci, A., M. Russo, L. Arena, N. D. Fonzo, and P. Martiniello. 2002. Water deficit effects on osmotic adjustment and solute accumulation in leaves of annual clovers. Journal of Europe Agronomy. 16: 111–122.
Irigoyen, J. J., D. W. Emerrich and M. Sanchez-Diaz. 1992. Water stress induced changes in concentrations of proline and total soluble sugars in nodulated alfalfa plant. Journal of Physiology Plant. 84: 55-60.
Jeschks W. D .1984. K+ Na+ exchange at cellular membranes, intracellular compartmentation, and salt tolerance. In: R.C. Staples, G.H. Toenniessen, eds. Salinity Tolerance in Plants. New York: Wiley, 37.
Jiang, Y., and B. Huang. 2001. Osmotic adjustment and root growth associated with drought pre-conditioningenhanced heat tolerance in Kentucky bluegrass. Journal of Crop Science. 41: 1168-1173.
Kameli, A., and D. M. Lösel. 1995. Contribution of carbohydrates and other solutes to osmotic adjustment in wheat leaves under water stress. Journal of Plant Physiology. 145: 363–366.
Kerepesi, I., and G. Galiba. 2000. Osmotic and salt stress-induced alteration in carbohydrate content in wheat seedlings. Journal of Crop Science. 40: 482-487.
Khosh Kholgh Sima, N.A. 1999. Physiologycal, aspects of fodder production sait- affected solids. Doctoral tesis. Hiroshima. Japen.
Koch, K. E. 1996. Carbohydrate modulated gene expression in plants; Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Journal of Plant Biology. 47: 509–540.
Kochert, G. 1978. Carbohydrate determination by the phenol sulfuric acid method In: Helebust J.A. and Craig, J.S. (ed.): Hand book of physiological method: 56-97.
Martin, M. F. Miceli, J.A. Morgan, M. Scalet, and G. Zerbi. 1993. Synthesis of osmotically active substrates in winter wheat leaves as related to drought resistance of different genotypes. Journal of Agriculture and Crop Science. 171: 176-184.
Natali, S., C. Bignami, and A. Fusari. 1991. Water consumption, photosynthesis, transpiration and leaf water potential in Olea europaea L. cv. "Frantoio" at different levels of available water. Journal of Agriculture. 121(3): 205-212.
Patakas, A., N. Nikolaou, E. Zioziou, K. Radoglou, and B. Noitsakis. 2002. The role of organic solute and ion accumulation in osmotic adjustment in drought-stressed grapevines. Journal of Plant Science. 163: 361-367.
Shabala, S., O. Babourina, and L. Newman. 2000. Ion-specific mechanisms of osmo-regulation in bean mesophyll cells. Journal of Experimental Botany. 51: 1243-1253.
Slama, I. D. Messedi, T. Ghnaya, A. Savoure, and C. Abdelly. 2006. Effects of water deficit on growth and proline metabolism in Sesuvium portulacastrum. Journal of Environmental and Experimental Botany. 56: 231–238.
Sween, D.W. J.H. Long, and M.B. Kirkham. 2003. A signal irrigation to improve carly maturing soybean yeild and quality. Journal of Soil Science. 67: 235-240.
Staden J., P. D. Hare and W. A. Cress. 1999. Proline synthesis and degradation: a model system for elucidating stress-related signal transduction. Journal of Experimental Botany. 50 (333): 413- 434.
Tsugane, K., K. Kobayashi, Y. Niwa, Y. Ohba, K. Wada and H. Kobayashi. 1999. A recessive Arabidopsis mutant that grows photo-autotrophically under salt stress shows enhanced active oxygen detoxification. Plant mutant that grows photo-autotrophically under salt stress shows enhanced active oxygen detoxification. Journal of Plant Cell. 11: 1195–1206.
Turkan, I., M. Bor, F. Ozdemir and H. Koca. 2005. Differential responses of lipid peroxidation and antioxidants in the leaves of drought tolerant P. acutifolius Gray and drought-sensitive P.vulgaris L. subjected to polyethylene glycol mediated water stress. Journal of Plant Science. 168: 223-231.
Turner, N. C., and M. E. Nicolas. 1987. Drought resistance of wheat for light-textured climate. In: Drought tolerance in winter cereals. Srivastava, J. P., E. Procrddu, E. Acevedo. And S, Varma (eds.). pp: 203-216.
Yin, X., and T.Y. Vyn. 2002. Soybean responses to potassium placement and tillage alternatives following no-till. Journal of Agronomy. 94: 1367 -1374.