مطالعه برخی صفات رویشی، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ژنوتیپ‌های گندم در شرایط تنش کمبود آب
محورهای موضوعی : توليد محصولات زراعي
1 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي، واحد ميانه، دانشجوي كارشناسي ارشد زراعت، ميانه، ايران
کلید واژه: تنش رطوبتی, ژنوتیپ‌های گندم, عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه,
چکیده مقاله :
به منظور مطالعه برخی صفات رویشی، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ژنوتیپ‌های مختلف گندم تحت شرایط عادی و تنش کمبود آب بعد از مرحله گلدهی این آزمایش در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اردبیل در سال زراعی 88-87 اجرا گردید. ده ژنوتيپ گندم تهيه شده از مرکز تحقيقات كشاورزي و منابع طبیعی اردبيل داراي تيپ رشد زمستانه و بينابين در دو آزمایش جداگانه در قالب طرح بلوك‌هاي كامل تصادفي در سه تكرار مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. در هر دو شرایط آزمایشی ژنوتیپ‌های مورد مطالعه گندم از نظر تعداد دانه در سنبله تفاوت آماری معنی‌داری داشتند و ژنوتیپ‌های شماره 6 و 10 بیشترین مقدار از این صفت را داشتند (به ترتیب 2/42 و 6/42). وزن هزار دانه به طور معنی‌داری تحت شرایط تنش رطوبتی کاهش نشان داد. همچنین مقدار آن در بین ژنوتیپ‌ها تفاوت معنی‌دار داشت. بالاترین و پایین‌ترین عملکرد دانه (3/6093 و 4/4819 کیلوگرم در هکتار) به ترتیب در شرایط عادی و تنش رطوبتی به دست آمد. از لحاظ عملکرد دانه، ژنوتیپ‌هایی که دارای تعداد دانه در سنبله و وزن هزار دانه بالاتری در شرایط‌های مختلف آزمایشی بودند، عملکرد بالاتری داشتند.
To evaluate some of morphological traits, yield and yield components in wheat genotypes under normal and water stress codition after anthesis, an experiment was carried out in Agriculture and Natural Research Station of Ardabil in 2008-2009. Then advanced winter and intermediate wheat genotypes obtained from this research station were evaluated in two separate experiments under normal irrigation and deficit irrigation after anthesis in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Significant differences were observed among genotypes in terms of grain number in spike. Genotypes No.6 and 10 had the highest amount of this trait (42.2 and 42.6, respectively). 1000 grains weigh decreased significantly under water stress, also the amount that were different significant among genotypes. The highest and lowest grain yields (6093.3 and 4819.4 Kg per hectare) were obtained by normal and water stress conditions, respectively. In terms of grain yield, the genotypes which had gain number per spike and 1000 grains weight in high value in both condition, had better yield in comparison with others.
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