عوامل قبل از برداشت مؤثر در حفظ کیفیت میوه کیوی طی انبارداری
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه کیفیت و ماندگاری تولیدات کشاورزی و مواد غذایی
محمد علی شیری
1
(استادیار پژوهشکده مرکبات و میوه‌های نیمه‌گرمسیری، موسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رامسر، ایران)
کلید واژه: بلوغ, تغذیه, ماده خشک, هرس تابستانه, گرده‌افشانی,
چکیده مقاله :
میوه کیوی رقم هایوارد به دلیل داشتن مقادیر زیادی ویتامین ث، ترکیبات فنلی، مواد معدنی و اسیدهای آلی از ارزش غذایی بالایی برخوردار بوده و همین امر باعث افزایش چشم‌گیر مصرف آن در سال‌های اخیر شده است. کیفیت میوه هم در زمان برداشت و هم در طول انبارداری کیوی به مجموعه‌ای از عوامل مرتبط با کاشت، داشت و برداشت و همچنین عوامل پس از برداشت بستگی دارد. از جمله مهم‌ترین عواملی که در طی فصل رشدی بر کیفیت و همچنین انبارمانی میوه کیوی تأثیرگذارند می‌توان به نوع رقم، تغذیه مناسب درختان، گرده‌افشانی کامل گل‌ها، مدیریت تاج درخت، هرس تابستانه، درجه بلوغ و رسیدگی و میزان ماده خشک میوه اشاره کرد. کنترل تک تک این عوامل با در نظر گرفتن اثرات برهمکنشی آن‌ها نه تنها می‌تواند کیفیت میوه را نیز به طور مؤثر و مفیدی تحت تأثیر قرار دهد، بلکه باعث افزایش ماندگاری میوه کیوی نیز می‌گرددافزایش ماندگاری میوه کیوی نیز می‌گردد
Kiwifruit cv. Hayward has a high nutritional value due to its high content of vitamin C, phenolic compounds, minerals and organic acids. This has caused a significant increase in its production and consumption both in our country and in the world in recent years. Fruit quality both at the harvest time and during kiwifruit storage depends on a set of factors related to planting, and harvesting, as well as postharvest factors. Among the most important factors that affect the quality and storage of kiwifruit during the growing season, we can mention the cultivar, tree nutrition, pollination, tree crown management, summer pruning, degree of maturity and ripening, and the amount of fruit dry matter. Controlling each of these factors by considering their interaction effects can not only affect the quality of the fruit effectively and usefully but also increase the storability of kiwifruit.but also increase the storability of kiwifruit.but also increase the storability of kiwifruit.
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