بهینه‌سازی فیلم کیتوزان و تأثیر نسبت اختلاط در پوشش کیتوزان-پلی‌وینیل الکل بر فراسنجه‌های کیفیت داخلی تخم‌مرغ
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه کیفیت و ماندگاری تولیدات کشاورزی و مواد غذایی
پژمان ریاضی کرمانی
1
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داریوش خادمی شورمستی
2
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عبدالله علیزاده کارسالاری
3
1 - کارشناسی ارشد، گروه کشاورزی، واحد سوادکوه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سوادکوه، ایران
2 - استادیار، گروه کشاورزی، واحد سوادکوه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سوادکوه، ایران
3 - استادیار، گروه شیمی، واحد سوادکوه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سوادکوه، ایران
کلید واژه: حلال اسیدی, کیتوزان, پوشش کامپوزیت, وزن مولکولی, پلی‌وینیل الکل,
چکیده مقاله :
به‌منظور بهینه‌سازی محلول فیلم کیتوزان با سطح، وزن مولکولی و حلال اسیدی و سپس بکارگیری آن در پوشش کامپوزیت در نسبت اختلاط مناسب، ابتدا در قالب یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی به‌روش فاکتوریال 23 با سه عامل سطح (2 و 4 درصد)، وزن مولکولی (بالا و پایین) و حلال (اسید استیک و اسید سیتریک) خواص فیزیکی و مکانیکی فیلم کیتوزان بررسی شد. سپس محلول فیلم منتخب در ترکیب پوشش مرکب کیتوزان – پلی‌وینیل الکل با هدف دستیابی به نسبت اختلاط بهینه و تأثیر بر فراسنجه‌های کیفیت داخلی تخم‌مرغ در یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 6 تیمار تخم‌مرغ فاقد پوشش (شاهد)، دارای پوشش خالص کیتوزان و پلی‌وینیل الکل و نیز پوشش‌های مرکب کیتوزان: پلی‌وینیل الکل در نسبت‌های (25، 50 و 75 درصد هریک از اجزا) اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین استحکام کششی و مدول یانگ (به‌ترتیب 16/0 و 45/2 مگاپاسکال) و ناتراوایی (10-8. g/msPa 17/2) در فیلم کیتوزان 4 درصد با وزن مولکولی بالا و اسید استیک و بیشترین کشیدگی در نقطه شکست (33/54 درصد) در فیلم کیتوزان محلول در اسید سیتریک دیده شد (05/0 P<). همچنین تخم‌مرغ‌های با پوشش مرکب کیتوزان - پلی‌وینیل الکل در نسبت 25 درصد کیتوزان و 75 درصد پلی‌وینیل الکل دارای کمترین افت وزنی (57/0 درصد) و بالاترین مقادیر واحد هاو (00/61) و اندیس زرده (37/0) بودند (05/0 P<). بنابراین می‌توان از پوشش کامپوزیت کیتوزان – پلی‌وینیل الکل در نسبت اختلاط بهینه (25 درصد کیتوزان: 75 درصد پلی‌وینیل الکل) به‌عنوان ماده بسته‌بندی جهت افزایش ماندگاری تخم-مرغ حداقل به‌مدت 2 هفته در دمای محیط استفاده کرد.
To optimize the chitosan film with level, molecular weight and solvent and then use it in the composite coating in the appropriate mixing ratio, in a completely random design using the 23 factorial methods with 3 factors, level (2 and 4 %), molecular weight (high and low) and solvent (acetic acid and citric acid), was carried out to investigate the physical and mechanical properties of chitosan film. Then the selected film was incorporated in the chitosan-polyvinyl alcohol composite coating, aiming of achieving the optimal mixing ratio and affecting the internal quality parameters of eggs, in a completely randomized design with 6 treatments including uncoated eggs (control), coated with a pure coating of chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol separately as well as composite coatings of chitosan: polyvinyl alcohol (25, 50 and 75% of each component). The results showed the highest tensile strength and Young's modulus (0.16 and 2.45 MPa, respectively) and water vapour impermeability (2.17.10-8 g/msPa) in 4% chitosan film with high molecular weight dissolved in acetic acid and the highest elongation at break (54.33%) was observed in chitosan film in citric acid (P<0.05). Also, eggs coated with chitosan-polyvinyl alcohol at 25:75 have the lowest weight loss (0.57%) and the highest values of Haugh unit (61.00) and yolk index (0.37) (P<0.05). Therefore, it is possible to use chitosan-polyvinyl alcohol composite coating in the optimal mixing ratio (25% chitosan: 75% polyvinyl alcohol) as a packaging material to extend the shelf life of eggs for at least 2 weeks at ambient temperature.
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