امکان سنجی تحقق صلح شبه جزیره کره در پرتو "طرح ابتکار صلح"

محورهای موضوعی : روابط بین الملل

رئوف رحیمی ¹ (استادیار گروه علوم سیاسی دانشگاه بجنورد، بجنورد، ایران)
مرضیه سادات الوند ² (استادیار روابط بین الملل دانشگاه بجنورد، بجنورد، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/01/05 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/12/14 تاریخ انتشار : 1399/12/14

کلید واژه: کره شمالی, کره جنوبی, مون جائه‌این, طرح ابتکار صلح, دکترین برلین,

چکیده مقاله :

تقسیم کره به کره شمالی و جنوبی از پیروزی متفقین در جنگ جهانی دوم در سال 1945 و پایان 35 سال سلطه ژاپن بر کره نشأت می‌گیرد. با وجود مخالفت کره‌ای‌ها، امریکا و شوروی توافق کردند قیمومیت موقت کره را برعهده گیرند تا درنهایت دولت کره‌ای مستقل شکل بگیرد. عدم همکاری شوروی با برنامه سازمان ملل موجب شکل‌گیری یک دولت کمونیستی تحت حمایت شوروی در شمال و یک دولت طرفدار غرب در جنوب شد. ادعای حاکمیت بر کل شبه جزیره کره از سوی هر دو دولت، منجر به جنگ کره در سال 1950 شد و با دخالت قدرت‌های بزرگ، صلح موقت در سال 1953 برقرارگردید. از پایان جنگ کره آرزوی صلح و اتحاد دو کره منجر به تحولات سیاسی زیادی در شبه جزیره کره شده است. ازاین‌رو مسئله اصلی نوشتار حاضر این است که نقش مون جائه‌این، رئیس جمهور فعلی کره جنوبی، در طرح ابتکار صلح شبه جزیره کره با توجه به زمینه‌های اتحاد دو کره چه بوده است؟ به نظر می‌رسد با توجه به منوط کردن صلح شبه جزیره کره به مساله خلع سلاح هسته‌ای و نگرانی کره شمالی از به خطرافتادن جایگاه‌ش در رقابت استراتژیک با کره جنوبی؛ مون جائه‌این، برخلاف سیاست اسلاف خود با تلاش برای ایفای نقش هدایت-گری در مسائل درون کره بدنیال ایجاد اعتمادسازی میان دوکره و امریکا و کره شمالی برای تحقق صلح شبه جزیره کره می‌باشد. در این نوشتار به روش کیفی با استفاده از ابزار کتابخانه‌ای و اینترنتی به پرسش اصلی تحقیق پرداخته می‌شود.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Korea's division into North Korea and South Korea was the result of the victory of the Allies in World War II in 1945 and the end of 35 years of domination of Japan over Korea until eventually became an independent Korean government. Soviet's lack of cooperation with the UN program ultimately led to the formation of a Soviet-backed communist state in the north and a pro-Western state in the south. The claim of sovereignty over the whole peninsula of Korea by both governments led to the Korean War in 1950 and temporary Peace in 1953was established with the interference of the Great Powers. Since the end of the Korean War, the aspiration for peace and the unification of the two Koreas has led to a lot of political evolutions on the Korean Peninsula. So the main question in the present paper is what was the role of the current President of South Korea, Moon Jae-in, in the Korean Peninsula Peace Initiative with regard to the context of the unification of the two Koreas?Moon Jae-in, in contrast to the policy of pervious presidents is trying to manage internal issues in Korea for trust building between two Koreas and North Korea and U.S, and fulfiling peace in Korean peninsula at the same time with Negotiations on disarmament between the United States and North Korea.This seems to be due to relating peninsula peace to nuclear disarmamnent and North Korea's concern of endangering its position in strategic rivalry with South Korea.

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