بررسی مشارکت‌های اجتماعی رسمی و غیر رسمی زنان در شهر تهران
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زن و جامعه
1 - استادیار گروه جامعه شناسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد گرمسار، گرمسار، ایران.
کلید واژه: مشارکت اجتماعی, زنان, مشارکت اجتماعی رسمی, مشارکت اجتماعی غیر رسمی,
چکیده مقاله :
مشارکت اجتماعی دارای دو بعد است: مشارکت رسمی و غیر رسمی. با توجه به تقسیم بندی مشارکت، پرسش اصلی این پژوهش این است که مشارکت‌های رسمی و غیر رسمی زنان شهر تهران چه مقدار است؟ مناطق بیست و دو گانه شهر تهران در مقایسه باهم از چه وضعیتی برخوردارهستند؟ و چه عواملی بر این مشارکت‌ها تاثیرگذار است؟ این پژوهش با روش پیمایش و با استفاده از ابزار پرسش‌نامه انجام گرفت. جامعه آماری، زنان ازدواج کرده (متاهل، مطلقه و همسر فوت شده) ساکن شهر تهران هستند. در این پژوهش 406 نفر از زنان از بین مناطق 22 گانه شهر تهران به روش نمونه گیری تصادفی انتخاب شده اند. نتایج نشان دادند مقدار مشارکت اجتماعی زنان (رسمی، غیر رسمی و مشارکت اجتماعی کلی) پایین و مقدار مشارکت اجتماعی غیر رسمی زنان بیش‌تر از مشارکت رسمی است. زنان مناطق گوناگون تهران از نظر مشارکت اجتماعی باهم متفاوت هستند. بین دو مشارکت رسمی و غیر رسمی رابطه معنادار مستقیم مشاهده شد. هم‌چنین، بین زنان دارای درآمد و فاقد درآمد از نظر مشارکت اجتماعی تفاوت معنادار وجود دارد. بین سن، تحصیلات زنان با مقدار مشارکت آنان رابطه‌ای معنادار مشاهده نشد.
Social participation has two dimensions: the formal and informal participation. According to this division, this study attempts to find out the extent of formal and informal participation of women in Tehran. In addition, it compares the situation of twenty-two regions of Tehran city together and searches effective factors on formal and informal participation of women. The research uses the survey method and the questionnaire technique for data collection. The statistical population of research includes married women (married, divorced and deceased spouse) who are residents of Tehran. Random sampling method helped to select 406 subjects. Results showed that the level of social participation (formal, informal and social participation generally) is low and informal social participation of women is greater than formal participation. There is a significant direct relation between formal and informal participation. Social participation of women with income and without income have significant differences. Social participation of women in different regions of Tehran is different. There was no significant relationship between age, education of women and their participation.
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