اثربخشی آموزش مثبت نگری به شیوه‌ی گروهی برافزایش شادکامی و کیفیت زندگی زنان سرپرست خانوار
محورهای موضوعی : زن و خانواده
وحید مصطفی پور
1
(
کارشناس ارشدگروه روانشناسی بالینی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی ، تهران، ایران
)
فریده حسین ثابت
2
(
استادیار گروه روانشناسی بالینی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران
)
احمد برجعلی
3
(
استاد، گروه روانشناسی بالینی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی ، تهران ، ایران
)
کلید واژه: کیفیت زندگی, شادکامی, زنان سرپرست خانوار, آموزش مثبت نگری,
چکیده مقاله :
پژوهش حاضر باهدف تعیین تأثیر آموزش مثبت نگری به شیوه گروهی برافزایش شادکامی و کیفیت زندگی زنان سرپرست خانوار تحت پوشش کمیته امداد امام خمینی شهر صوفیان انجام پذیرفت. روش پژوهش، نیمه آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون – پس‌آزمون، با گروه کنترل و پیگیری بود. برای انتخاب نمونه، از بین مراکز تحت پوشش کمیته امداد امام خمینی شهر صوفیان، یک مرکز به شیوه‌ی در دسترس انتخاب و سپس از میان زنان سرپرست خانوار آن مرکز، 30 نفر که ملاک‌های ورود به پژوهش را دارا بودند، به‌صورت تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایشی و کنترل جایگزین شدند ( هر گروه 15نفر). هر دو گروه به پرسشنامه شادکامی آکسفورد و کیفیت زندگی سازمان جهانی بهداشت پاسخ دادند. در مراحل بعدی پژوهش، در گروه آزمایش، 8 جلسه 90 دقیقه‌ای آموزش مثبت نگری اجرا گردید. درحالی‌که بر روی گروه کنترل هیچ آموزشی انجام نگرفت و پس از پایان جلسات دو پرسشنامه شادکامی و کیفیت زندگی به روی هر دو گروه، به‌عنوان پس‌آزمون اجرا شد. داده‌های به‌دست‌آمده با استفاده از آزمون تحلیل کوواریانس و tهمبسته مورد تجزیه‌وتحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج تحلیل کوواریانس حاکی از افزایش شادکامی و کیفیت زندگی در گروه آزمایش نسبت به گروه کنترل بود. به‌علاوه در مرحله پیگیری نیز این تأثیر پایدار بود. به‌طورکلی نتایج پژوهش حاکی از آن است که آموزش مثبت نگری شادکامی و کیفیت زندگی زنان سرپرست خانوار را افزایش داده، بنابراین می‌توان از این مداخله برای ارتقاء شادکامی و کیفیت زندگی زنان سرپرست خانوار استفاده نمود.
This study aimed to investigate the effect of positive training on increase happiness and quality of life of women heads of households was covered by Imam Khomeini Relief Committee. The study was a quasiexperimental research and conducted through the pre-test, post-test, and follow up design with control group. to select a sample from the centers Imam Khomeini Relief Committee in Sufian , a center mode available selected and then the center of female-headed households under 30 were select based on inclusion criteria and assigned to the experimental and control group randomly (15 personseach group). Both groups responded to the World Health Organization Quality of Life and Happiness Questionnaires. In later stages of the study, on the experimental group, 8 sessions of 90 minutes based on Positive training was carried out while the control group received no trainig and after end sessions both quality of life and happiness questionnaires as the posttest was conducted, Data obtained using analysis of covariance and dependent t-test were analyzed. The results of covariance indicated significant and considerable increase in the happiness and quality of life in the experimental as compared with the control group at the post-test stage. These results were maintained in the 30 days follow-up stage, too. Overal results indicate that Positive training to happiness and quality of life of female-headed households has increased, based on the results of the present study, positive training can be used for improvement of happiness and quality of life in women heads of households.
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