نشانه‌های زبان زنانه در بایاتی‌های آذربایجان

محورهای موضوعی : ادبیات فارسی

زیبا اسماعیلی ¹ (دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی تهران، گروه زبان و ادبیات فارسی، تهران، ایران.)

تاریخ دریافت : 1400/09/26 تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/11/29 تاریخ انتشار : 1401/01/01

کلید واژه: زبان‌زنانه, نشانه, بایاتی‌های آذربایجان,

چکیده مقاله :

هدف پژوهش حاضر، بازیابی نشانه‌های زبان زنانه در بایاتی‌های آذربایجان است. جامعۀ آماری پژوهش 4567 بایاتی است. نمونه پژوهش نشانه‌های نوشتاری و زبانی زنانه بایاتی‌های آذربایجان است. طرح پژوهش از نوع گفتمان کاوی کیفی و روش انجام آن از نوع توصیفی تحلیلی است. جهت دستیابی به داده‌های این مطالعه بر اساس مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای بایاتی‌های سرودۀ زنان از طریق نشانه‌های زبانی به کار رفته در بایاتی‌ها، بازیابی شد. پس از ارائۀ توصیفات و اطلاعات کتابخانه‌ای، به روش تحلیلی داده‌ها مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد بخشی از بایاتی‌ها نشانه‌های کلامی صریحی داشت که دلالت بر جنسیت مونث سراینده می‌کرد. در بخشی از بایاتی‌ها نیز با واکاوی لایه‌های پنهان متن زنانگی سراینده آشکار می‌شد. زنان در بایاتی‌ها در ضمن صحبت از مضامینی چون عشق، بیان مشکلات زندگی، شکوه و شکایت، مسائل مربوط به ازدواج و ... با اشاره‌های آشکار یا پنهان جنسیت خود را آشکار می‌کنند و در لالایی‌ها، خواسته‌ها و آرزوهای درونی خود را بیان می‌کنند. بر اساس نتایج، 3495 بایاتی فاقد نشانۀ جنسیتی بود. 749 بایاتی نشانۀ آشکار جنسیتی داشت که 508 نمونه از بایاتی‌ها دارای دلالت مردانه و 241 نمونه دارای دلالت زنانه بودند. بنابراین 82% سروده‌ها فاقد نشانۀ جنسیتی، 12% سروده‌ها دارای نشانۀ مردانه و6% سروده‌ها دارای نشانۀ زنانه بودند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

The aim of the present study was to retrieve the signs of feminine language in the Bayati of Azerbaijan. The statistical population of the study was 4567 Bayaties. The sample of the study was the written and linguistic feminine signs of the Bayaties of Azerbaijan. The research design was discourse qualitative study and the method was descriptive-analytical. In order to obtain the data of the research, based on the library studies, the poems of women were retrieved through the linguistic symbols used in the poems. After presenting the descriptions and the library information the data were analyzed analytically. The results showed that some of the Bayaties had explicit verbal cues indicating the female gender of the poet. In some of the Bayaties, the poetess's femininity was revealed by examining the hidden layers of the text. In Bayaties, while talking about topics such as love, expressing life problems, glory and complaint, issues related to marriage, etc., women revealed their gender with obvious or hidden allusions, and in lullabies, inner desires and aspirations. They expressed themselves. Based on the results 3495 Bayaties had no gender symbol. 749 Bayati had a clear gender symbol, of which 508 Bayati had a masculine connotation and 241 had a feminine connotation. Therefore, 82% of the poems had no gender symbol, 12% of the poems had a male symbol and 6% of the poems had a female symbol.

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