طراحی و ساخت بازی جدی موسیقیایی رایانه‌ای برای بهبود مولفه‌های توجه در دو وجه شنیداری و دیداری کودکان دارای اختلال نقص توجه- بیش فعالی: طرح آزمایشی موردی
محورهای موضوعی : روانشناسیریحانه پناهی فر 1 , زهره رافضی 2 , حسین اسکندری 3
1 - کارشناس ارشد روانشناسی عمومی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران
2 - استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران
3 - استاد، گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: توجه شنیداری, کودک بیش فعال, بازی جدی موسیقیایی, نقص توجه- بیش فعالی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف این پژوهش طراحی و ساخت بازی جدی موسیقیایی رایانه ای برای بهبود مولفه های توجه در دو وجه شنیداری و دیداری کودکان دارای اختلال نقص توجه-بیش فعالی بود. ابتدا براساس پیشینه پژوهشی و نظر متخصصان، محتوای بازی طراحی، تدوین و اعتباریابی شد، سپس به منظور بررسی اثربخشی بازی، از روش اکتشافی تک موردی استفاده شد. بدین منظور یک کودک واجد اختلال نقص توجه - بیش فعالی جهت انجام مداخله انتخاب شد و میزان توجه وی در 5 مولفه توجه انتخابی، توجه متمرکز، توجه مداوم، توجه متناوب و توجه تقسیم شده در دو وجه شنیداری و دیداری با استفاده از آزمون رایانه ای توجه (IVA-2)، قبل از مداخله و پس از مداخله (انجام بازی جدی طراحی شده به مدت 2 هفته یک ساعت در هرروز) مورد سنجش قرار گرفت. نتایج حاصل از بررسی اثربخشی بازی جدی ساخته شده نشان دهنده ی بهبود دو مؤلفه ی توجه انتخابی و توجه متمرکز در وجوه شنیداری و دیداری کودک دارای اختلال نقص توجه- بیش فعالی بود، اما بهبود مؤلفه های دیگر توجه از جمله توجه مداوم، توجه متناوب و توجه تقسیم شده فقط در وجه شنیداری نمایان شد. علاوه براین، یافته های این پژوهش نشان داد که بازی جدی ساخته شده بر مولفه های توجه شنیداری، نسبت به مؤلفه های توجه دیداری اثر معنادار و مثبت تری داشته است (05/0>P ).
The aim of this study was to design and develop a computerized musical serious game to improve the attention components in both auditory and visual aspects of children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder. First, based on the research background and experts' opinion, the content of the game was designed, compiled and validated. Then, in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the game, a one-case exploratory method was used. For this purpose, a child with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder was selected for the intervention and his attention span was assessed in 5 components of attention: selective attention, focused attention, continuous attention, intermittent attention and divided attention into auditory and visual aspects using the computer attention test (IVA-2), before intervention and after intervention (playing a serious game). Designed for 2 weeks (one hour daily). The results of the study of the effectiveness of serious game showed the improvement of the two components of selective attention and focused attention in the auditory and visual aspects of the child with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, but improved other components of attention such as continuous attention, Intermittent and divided attention appeared only in the auditory aspect. In addition, the findings of this study showed that the serious game has a more significant and positive effect on the components of auditory attention than the components of visual attention (P <0.05).
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