بررسی تأثیر روش درمانی نوروفیدبک بر بهبود توجه و مهارت بازداری بیماران دچار اختلال نقص توجه بزرگسال: مداخلۀ آزمایشی اولیه
محورهای موضوعی : تربیتی
نوشین بصیری
1
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زهرا خیر
2
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حبیب هادیان فرد
3
1 - دکتری تخصصی روان‌شناسی بالینی دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران و مدرس دانشگاه شهید اشرفی اصفهانی، دانشکده روان‌شناسی و مشاوره، اصفهان، ایران.
2 - دکتری تخصصی روان‌شناسی، دانشکده روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران و مدرس دانشگاه شهید اشرفی اصفهانی، دانشکده روان‌شناسی و مشاوره، اصفهان، ایران.
3 - استاد گروه روان‌شناسی بالینی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران.
کلید واژه: اختلال نقص توجه, تمرکز, اختلال نقص توجه/بیش فعالی بزرگسالان, بازداری, نوروفیدبک,
چکیده مقاله :
اختلال نقص توجه اختلالی است که در طول گسترۀ عمر ممکن است هر فردی را درگیر کند. هدف از این پژوهش بررسی تأثیر آموزش نوروفیدبک در درمان اختلال نقص توجه در بزرگسالان بود. روش پژوهش از نوع آزمایشی بود. جامعۀ آماری شامل همۀ افراد 18 تا 40 ساله دارای اختلال نقص توجه در شهر اصفهان بودند که از طریق پرسشنامۀ کانرز بزرگسالان و مصاحبۀ تشخیصی به‌وسیلۀ روان‌پزشک انتخاب شدند. نمونه شامل 20 نفر از این افراد بودند که به روش تصادفی انتخاب و به شکل تصادفی در گروه‌ها (کنترل و آزمایش) گمارده شدند. ابزار استفاده شده پرسشنامۀ کانرز بزرگسالان (1998, Canners Adult ADHD Rating Scale) فرم خودگزارش‌دهی و آزمون کنترل بازدری بوده است. داده‌ها با استفاده از تحلیل کوواریانس مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان‌دهندۀ اثربخشی این درمان در از بین بردن علائم اختلال نقص توجه بود (01/0P<) و میزان این تأثیر برابر با 7/95 درصد و برای مهارت بازداری 93 درصد بود. درمجموع می‌توان چنین گفت که با توجه به اینکه ابتلا به اختلال نقص توجه باعث تغییر و به‌هم‌ریختن امواج مغزی می‌گردد، نوروفیدبک با اصلاح و تنظیم مجدد این امواج باعث سودمندی بالینی می‌گردد. لذا می‌توان آموزش نوروفیدبک را در کنار سایر درمان‌ها برای این اختلال به کار برد.
Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) is a lifelong disorder that affects many people. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of neurofeedback training on treatment of adult ADD. A pre-test-post-test control grouped, quasi-experimental study was carried out. The research population was individuals with ADD (18-40 years old) who were referred to the Psychotherapy and counseling Centers of Isfahan City. 20 patients were selected applying convenient sampling and randomly assigned to control or experiment groups. Conners Questionnaire, Slow Movement Test and Diagnostic Interview were applied prior to the intervention. Data were analyzed by MANCOVA in SPSS-23. The results showed that neurofeedback training up to 95.7% can ameliorate ADD symptoms and it was effective about 93% in improvement of inhibition skills, in adults. In general speaking, it can be argued that, having attention deficit disorder causes brain wave disturbance and neurofeedback can modify and adjust it. The effects are clinically stable. Hence, neurofeedback training can be used as an alternative therapy for ADD treatment.
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