نقش رضایت زناشویی مادران در پیش‌بینی اضطراب و خودپندارۀ دختران نوجوان
محورهای موضوعی : تربیتیمحمداحسان تقی زاده 1 , نرگس محمدی 2
1 - استادیار گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران
2 - دانشجوی دکتری روان‌شناسی، مرکز تحقیقات روان‌تنی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران
کلید واژه: رضایت زناشویی, دختران نوجوان, اضطراب, خودپنداره,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف این پژوهش بررسی نقش رضایت زناشویی مادران در پیش‌بینی خودپنداره و اضطراب دختران نوجوان آنان بود. این پژوهش توصیفی و از نوع همبستگی بود. جامعه آماری آن را همۀ دانش‌آموزان دختر پایۀ سوم مدارس راهنمایی شهر تهران در سال تحصیلی 91ـ1390 تشکیل می‌دادند. به شیوۀ نمونه‌گیری تصادفی خوشه‌ای، 144 نفر از دانش‌آموز دختر منطقۀ 4 آموزش و پرورش انتخاب شدند. ابزار پژوهش پرسشنامۀ اضطراب (کتل، 1960) و پرسشنامه خودپنداره (راجرز، 1957) و پرسشنامۀ کوتاه مقیاس رضایت زناشویی انریچ (اولسون، 1989) بود. تحلیل داده‌ها با روش آماری همبستگی پیرسون و تحلیل رگرسیون انجام شد. یافته‌های پژوهش نشان داد که رضایت زناشویی، ارتباطات، حل تعارض و تحریف آرمانی در مادران، اضطراب دختران را پیش‌بینی می‌کند (05/0>P ). همچنین، رضایت زناشویی (01/0>P )، ارتباطات (05/0>P )، حل تعارض (05/0>P ) و تحریف آرمانی (01/0>P ) در مادران، می‌توانند خودپندارۀ دختران نوجوان را پیش‌بینی کنند افزون بر این، زیرمقیاس‌های رضایت زناشویی می‌توانند 25 درصد تغییرات در اضطراب و33 درصد تغییرات در خودپندارۀ دختران نوجوان را پیش‌بینی کنند (01/0>P ). به‌طور کلی، نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که رضایت زناشویی مادران در پیش‌بینی اضطراب و خودپندارۀ دختران نوجوان نقش دارد.
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of mothers' marital satisfaction on the prediction of self-concept and anxiety of female adolescents. The study was a descriptive and correlation research. The population of the study consisted of all female students in the third grade of guidance schools of Tehran in the academic year 2011-2012 (1390-91s.c.). 144 students of fourth education region in Tehran were selected through cluster random sampling. Research instruments included Cattell's Anxiety Questionnaire (1960), Carl Rogers’ Self-concept Questionnaire (1957) and short form of ENRICH Marital inventory (Olson, 1989).The data were analyzed by Pearson correlation and regression analysis. The results of the study indicated that mothers' marital satisfaction, communication, conflict resolution and idealistic distortion can predict anxiety in female adolescents (P < 0.05). Also, mothers' marital satisfaction (P < 0.01), communication (P < 0.05), conflict resolution (P < 0.05), and idealistic distortion (P < 0.01) can predict self-concept in female adolescents. Moreover, subscales of Marital satisfaction can predict 25% of variation in anxiety and 33% of variation in self-concept of female adolescents (P < 0.01). In sum, the results of the study indicate that mothers' marital satisfaction has a role in predicting anxiety and self-concept of female adolescents.
Archibald, A., Graber, J., & Brooks-Gunn, J. (2006). Pubertal processes and physiological growth in adolescence. Adams & Berzonsky (Eds.), Blackwell handbook of adolescence Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing: 24-48.
Arfaie, A., Mohammadi, A., & Sohrabi, R. (2013) .Relationship between marital conflict and child affective behavioral psychopathological symptoms. Social and Behavioral Sciences, 84: 1776–1778.
Befler, M.L. (2008). Child and adolescent mental disorders: The magnitude of the problem across the globe. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49(3): 226-236.
Bolat, N., Doğangün, B., Yavuz, M., Demir, T., & Kayaalp, L. (2011). Depression and anxiety levels and self-concept characteristics of adolescents with congenital complete visual impairment. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry, 22(2):77 -82.
Bologini, M., Plancherel, B., Nunez, R., & Bettschart, W. (1993). Assessment of the effects of age at start of puberty on mental health in pre-adolescence: results of a longitudinal study (1989-1991). Revue d\'épidémiologie et de santé publique, 41: 337-45.
Byrne, B. (2000). Relationships between Anxiety, Fear, Self-Esteem, and Coping Strategies in Adolescence. Adolescence, 35(137): 201-215.
Day, R.D., Hair, E., Moore, K., Orthner, D.K., & Kaye, K. (2009). Marital Quality and Outcomes for Children and Adolescents: A Review of the Family Process Literature. available at: http://aspe.hhs.gov/hsp/08/ RelationshipStrengths/LitRev/ May 2009.
Doman, A.F. (2000), Predictors of adolescent run away behavior. Social Behavior and Personality, 28(3): 261-268.
Emami H., Ghazinour, M., Rezaeishiraz, H. & Richter, J. (2007). Mental health of adolescents in Tehran, Iran. The Journal of Adolescent Health, 41(6): 571 -6.
Fathi-Ashtiani, A., Ejei, J., Khodapanahi, M.K., & Tarkhorani, H. (2007). Relationship between self-Concept, self-esteem, anxiety, depression and academic achievement in adolescents. Journal of Applied Sciences, 7: 995-1000.
Fite, K., Howard, S., Garlington, N.K., & Zinkgraf, S. (1992). Self-concept, anxiety and attitude toward school. Texas Association for Counselling and Development journal (TACD), 20: 21-28.
Grych, J.H., Seid, M., & Fincham, F. (1992). Assessing marital conflict from the child’s perspective: The children’s perceptions of interparental conflict scale. Child Development, 63: 558-572.
Kaplan, H.I., Sadock, B.G., & Grebb, G.A. (1995). Synopsis of Psychiatry. Mass Publishing Co., Middle East: 121-124.
Kenney, D.T., & Job, R.F.S. (1995). Australia’s adolescent: a health risk, Health Psychology perspective, Australia: University of New England press: 78-85.
Kiyomi, O. (2011). Effect of parental involvement and marital relationships on young adult daughters\' well-being. Proceedings, 13: 55-63.
Krishnakumar, A., & Buehler, M.M. (2000). Interparental conflict and parenting behaviors: A meta-analytic review. Family Relations: Journal of Applied Family & Child Studies, 49: 25–44.
Lamb, M. (1986). The changing role of fathers. In M. Lamb (Ed.), The father\'s role: Applied perspectives. New York: Wiley: 3-28.
Lian, T., & Yusoof, F. (2009). The effects of family functioning on self- esteem of children. European Journal of social sciences, 9(4): 643- 650.
Lynn, D.B. (1975). The Father: His Role in Child Development. California: Thomson Brooks/Cole.
Manderscheid, R.W., & Henderson, M.J. (1998). Substance abuse and mental health services administration (US). Mental Health, 99: 3285.
Onodera, A. (1984). Attractiveness of father in his daughter\'s view. The Japanese journal of psychology, 55(5): 289-295.
Pinarulu, I., Fisiloghlu, H. (2002). The relationship between Turkis children’s perceptions of marital onflict and their internalizing and externalizing problems. International Journal of Psychology, 37(6): 369-378.
Rajabi, M., Afrooz G.A., a, Arjmandnia, A.A., & Imani Nojani M. (2012). The relationship between mother’s marital satisfaction and the behavioural problems of children with down syndrome and comparing them to that of normal children. Social and Behavioral Sciences, 46: 2584–2589.
Sanchez, F.J.P., & Roda, M.D.S. (2007). Relationship between self-concept and academic achievement in primary students. Almeria: Spain: 97.
Sebastian, C., Burnett, S., & Blakemore, S.J. (2008). Development of the self-concept during adolescence. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 12(11): 441-446.
Wang L., & Crane, D.R. (2001). The Relationship between marital satisfaction, marital stability, nuclear family triangulation, and childhood depression. The American Journal of Family Therapy, 29: 337–347.
WHO. (2005). The world health organization report 2005, mental health policy and service guidance package, Geneva: WHO.