نقش قابلیت‌های نظام روان‌ایمنی، تعهد سازمانی و احترام سازمانی در پیش‌بینی ابعاد فرسودگی شغلی پرستاران
محورهای موضوعی : تربیتیفریبا زرگرشیرازی 1 , حسن احدی 2 , فرح نادری 3 , نورعلی فرخی 4
1 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات خوزستان، گروه روان‌شناسی، اهواز، ایران
2 - عضو هیأت علمی گروه روان‌شناسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، تهران، ایران
3 - عضو هیأت علمی گروه روان‌شناسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات خوزستان، اهواز، ایران
4 - عضو هیأت علمی گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: فرسودگی شغلی, تعهد سازمانی, قابلیت‌های نظام روان‌ایمنی, احترام سازمانی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف این پژوهش بررسی نقش قابلیت‌های نظام روان‌ایمنی، تعهد سازمانی و احترام سازمانی در پیش‌بینی ابعاد فرسودگی شغلی (خستگی عاطفی، مسخ شخصیت و احساس عدم موفقیت فردی) پرستاران بود. روش این پژوهش همبستگی و جامعۀ آماری آن را همۀ پرستاران بیمارستان‌های دو شهر آبادان و خرمشهر (450 نفر) تشکیل می‌دادند. به دلیل محدود بودن تعداد و پیشگیری از افت آزمودنی‌ها همه آزمودنی‌ها در پژوهش شرکت داده شدند. داده‌های مربوط به 270 پرسشنامه که به‌طور کامل تکمیل شده بود، مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت. ابزارهای پژوهش شامل پرسشنامه قابلیت‌های نظام روان‌ایمنی (الاه، 2005)، تعهد سازمانی (الن و مایر، 1990)، احترام سازمانی (رامرجان، 2006) و فرسودگی شغلی (مسلش، 1993) بود.تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از ضریب همبستگی و رگرسیون چندمتغیری انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که قابلیت‌های روان‌ایمنی، تعهد سازمانی و احترام سازمانی پیش‌بینی‌کننده فرسودگی شغلی در پرستاران است (0001/0>P). تعهد سازمانی عاطفی دارای بیشترین توان برای پیش‌بینی ابعاد خستگی عاطفی و احساس عدم موفقیت فردی بود و از طرف دیگر، قابلیت‌های روان‌ایمنی برای پیش‌بینی بعد مسخ شخصیت فرسودگی شغلی پرستاران مناسب بودند.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the predictive role of psycho immune system capacities, organizational commitment, and organizational respect in Predicting job burnout dimension (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment) of nurses. The population of this correlation study included all the nurses in Abadan and Khorramshahr cities’ hospitals (450 nurses). Because of limited size of population and preventing from subject drop, all the nurses Were included in the research. The data derived from 270 questionnaires completed were analyzed. Research instruments were the Olah's Psycho-Immune Capacities Inventory-PICI-colah, 2005), Organizational Commitment (Allen and Meyer, 1990), Organizational Respect Questionnaire (Rammarjan, 2006), and Maslach Burnout Inventory–MBI-(Maslach, 1993). The data analysis were performed by using Pearson correlation coefficient and multi-variate regression. The results showed that psycho-immune system capacities, organizational commitment and organizational respect are able to predict burnout in nurses (P < 0.0001). Affective organizational commitment, had the most predictive power for emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment, on the other hand psycho immune system capacities had the most predicting power for depersonalization dimension of nurses job burnout (P < 0.0001).
Al-Hawajreh, K. (2011). Exploring the Relationship between Occupational Stress and Organizational Commitment among Nurses in Selected Jordanian Hospitals. An - Najah Univ. J. Res. (Humanities), 25(7), 1931-1973.
Allen, N.J., & Meyer, J.P. (1991). A three-componen conceptualization of organizational commitment. Journal of Human Resource Management Review, 1, 61–89.
Allen, N.J., & Meyer, J.P. (1990). The measurement of antecedents of affective, contin-uance and normative commitment to the organization. Journal of Occupational Psychology. 6, 1-18.
Augsberger, A., Schudrich, W., McGowan, B.G., & Auerbach, C. (2012). Respect in the workplace: A mixed methods study of retention and turnover in the voluntary child welfare sector. Children and Youth Services Review, 34(7), 1222–1229.
Chan, D.W. (2010). Teacher burnout revisited: Introduction positive intervention approaches based on gratitude and forgiveness. Educational Research Journal, 25(2), 165-186.
Dubey, A., Shahi, D. (2011). Psychosocial immunity and coping strategies : Astudy on medical proffesionals. Indian Jornal of Science Research, 8(1-2), 36-47.
Ercutlu, H., Chafra, J., & Bumin, B. (2011). Organizayional culture\'s role in the relationship between power bases and job stress. H.U.Journal of Education, 40,198-209.
Embriaco, N., Papazian, L., Kentish-Barnes, N., Pochard, A.E. (2007). burnout syndrome among critical care health care workers. Curr Opin Crit Care: 13(5): 482-8.
Garrosa E, Moreno-Jimenez, B., Liang, Y., & Gonzalez, J. )2008( .The relationship between socio-demografic variables, job stressors, burnout, and hardy personality in nurses: an explanatory study .Int J Nurs Stud., 45(3), 418-27.
Gombor, A. (2009). Burnout in Hungarian and Swedish Emergency Nurses: Demographic variables, Work related factors, Social support, Personality, and Life satisfaction as determinants of burnout. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Eötvös Lorand, Faculty of Education and Psychology.
Grandey, A.A. (2003). When ‘the show must go on’: Surface acting and deep acting as determinants of emotional exhaustion and peer-rated service delivery. Academy of Management Journal, 46, 86–96.
Halbesleben, J.R.B. & Buckley, R.M. (2004). Burnout in Organizational Life. Journal of Management, 30(6), 859–879.
Halm, M., Peterson, M., Kandels, M., Sabo, J., Blalock, M., Braden, R., et al.(2005). Hospital nurse staffing and patient mortality, emotional exhaustion, and job dissatisfaction. Clin Nurse Spec, 19, 241–51.
Huey, T.S. (2007) .occupational stress, social problem solving, and burnout among mental health professionals in HIV/AIDS care .Unpublished doctoral for philosophy.
Kobasa, S.C. & Antrosrusky. (1998). “Commitment and Coping strategies in Stress Resistance among Lawyers”. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 42, 707-717.
Kokkinos, C.M. (2007). Job stressors, personality and burnout in primary school teachers. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 77(1), 229-243.
Laschinger, H.K.S., & Finegan, J. (2005). Using empowerment to build trust and respect in the workplace: A strategy for addressing the nursing shortage. Nursing Economics, 23, 6–13.
lehman, M.M., & Tanaciev, J. (2003). Stress burnout and the shortage: Changing condition to improve nurse retention. American federation of teacher. Washigton, 324-31.
Lim, S., & Cortina, L.M. )2005(. Interpersonal mistreatment in the workplace: The interface and impact of general incivility and sexual harassment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(3), 483-496.
Maryama, N.H.B., Zawawi, N., Hitam, M., & Jody, J.M. (2011) .Organizational Commitment and Job Burnout Among employees in Malaysia. IACSIT Press, 1, 185-187.
Maslach, C. (1993). Burnout: A multidimensional perspective. In W.B. Schaufeli, C. Maslach, and T. Marek (Eds.), Professional burnout: Recent developments in theory and research (pp. 19–32). Washington, DC: Taylor and Francis.
Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W.B., & Leiter, M.P. (2001). Job burnout. Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 397–422.
Maslach, C., & Jackson, S.E. (1981). The measurement of experienced burnout. Journal of Occupational Behavior, 2, 99-113 .
Maslach, C., Jackson, S.E. & Leiter, M.P. (1996). Maslach Burnout Inventory manual (3rd ed.). Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
Mealer, M., Jonse, J., Newma, J., McFann, K.K., Rothbaum, B., & Moss, M.(2012). The presence of resilience is associated with a healthier psychological profile in intensive care unit (ICU) nurses: results of a national survey. International nurse study, 49(3): 292-299.
Olah, A. (2005). Anxiety, Coping, and Flow. Empirical studies in interactional perspective. Hungary: Trefort Press.
Olah, A. (1996). Personality determinants of coping: The Psychological Immune System and its measuring method. Budapest, Hungary: University of Eötvös Lorand, Department of Personality and Health Psychology.
Olah, A., Nagy, H. & Toth, K.G. (2010). Lif expectancy and psychological immune competence in different cultures. ETC-Empirical Text and Culture Research, 4,102-108
Ramarjan, L., Barsade, S.G., & Burack, O.R. (2008). The influence of organizational respect on emotional exhaustion in the human Services. Journal of Positive Psychology, 3(1) ,4-18.
Rezaee Shirazi, R., Beiki, Y., Zamanian, F., Esapour, K. (2011). Study of the relationship between organizational commitment and job burnout among physical education teachers of Golestan province, Iran. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 5(10), 1379-1384.
Rothmann, S., van der Colf, J.J., Rothmann, J.C. (2006). Occupational stress of nurses in South Africa\". Curationis. 29(2), 22-33.
Shirom, A. (2009). Epilogue: mapping future research on burnout and health. Stress and Health, 25, 375–380.
Teoh, W.M-Y., Yau, C-Y., & Chong, S-C. (2011). Factor influencing job burnout among human resource employees. International Conference On Management.
Tyler, T.R., & Blader, S.L. (2001). Identity and cooperative behavior in groups. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 4, 207–226.
Vahey, D.C., Aiken, L.H., Sloane, D.N., Clarke, S.P., & Vargas, D. (2004). Nurse burnout and patient satisfaction. Medical Care; 42, 57-66.
Wang, J., & Patten, S.B. (2011).The moderating effects of coping strategies on majo depression of the general population .Can J Psychiat; 47, 167-73.
Wu, S., Li, H, Wang, X.R, Yang, S.J, & Qiu, H. (2011). A comparison of the effect of work stress on burnout and quality of life between female nurses and female doctors. Arch Environ Occup Health.; 66(4), 193-200.