اثربخش حساسیت زدایی از طریق حرکات چشم و پردازش مجدد(EMDR)در اختلال استرس پس ازضربه(PTSD) مزمن رزمندگان
محورهای موضوعی : تربیتیعلیرضا ماردپور 1 , فرح نادری 2 , مهناز مهرابی‌زاده هنرمند 3 , حسن احدی 4 , علیرضا حیدریی 5
1 - گروه روان‌شناسی، علوم و تحقیقات خوزستان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز
2 - عضو هیأت علمی گروه روان‌شناسی، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز
3 - عضو هیأت علمی گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
4 - استاد گروه روان‌شناسی، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران.
5 - دانشیار گروه روان‌شناسی، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران.
کلید واژه: حساسیت‌زدایی از طریق حرکات چشم و پردازش مجدد, اختلال استرس پس از ضربۀ مزمن,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف این پژوهش بررسی اثربخشی حساسیت‌زدایی از طریق حرکات چشم و پردازش مجدد، در اختلال استرس پس از ضربۀ مزمن بود. جامعۀ آماری، همۀ رزمندگان بستری و دارای پروندۀ روانپزشکی در بیمارستان سلمان یاسوج بود که تشخیص اختلال مزبور را دریافت کرده بودند. 32 نفر از این جامعه، به شیوۀ تصادفی ساده انتخاب و به‌صورت تصادفی در دو گروه 16 نفرۀ آزمایش و گواه گمارده شدند. سپس آموزش حساسیت‌زدایی از طریق حرکات چشم و پردازش مجدد، به مدت 5 جلسۀ 90دقیقه‌ای و یک بار در هفته به گروه آزمایشی داده شد ولی به گروه گواه آموزشی داده نشد. ابزارهای پژوهش شامل مقیاس‌های تأثیر واقعۀ تجدیدنظر شده، خودگزارش‌دهی نشانه‌های اختلال پس از ضربه، اضطراب، افسردگی، برآشفتگی ذهنی و اعتبار شناخت‌واره بود.آزمودنی‌ها در پیش‌آزمون، پس‌آزمون و پیگیری ارزیابی شدند. برای تحلیل داده‌ها از تحلیل کواریانس چندمتغیری و تک‌متغیری استفاده شد. روش حساسیت‌زدایی مزبور موجب کاهش میانگین مقیاس‌های تأثیر واقعۀ تجدیدنظر شده، خودگزارش‌دهی نشانه‌های اختلال مزبور، اضطراب و افسردگی شد (001/0P=). همچنین، بین آزمودنی‌های گروه آزمایشی و گواه از لحاظ متغیرهای مورد بررسی در مرحلۀ پیگیری تفاوت معناداری وجود داشت (001/0P=). یافته‌ها نشان داد که این روش درمانی در بهبود علایم اختلال استرس پس از ضربه و نشانه‌های همراه با آن مؤثر بوده است.
This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) technique on soldiers' chronic post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The population was all soldiers with PTSD psychiatric records in the Salman hospital of Yasooj. From this population 32 persons were selected through simple random sampling and assigned into two experimental and control groups (each group, 16 persons). The experimental group received EMDR training for 5 sessions, 90 minutes each once a week but control group received no training. The study instruments included Impact of Event Scale-Revised, PTSD symptoms self-report scale, Beck Anxiety Inventory and Beck Depression Inventory. Subjective Units of Distress, and Validity of Cognition scales. Participants were tested at pre-test, post-test, and a three-month follow up stages. Data were analysed using MANCOVA and ANCOVA methods. Findings showed that the method of EMDR decreases the means of Impact of Event Scale-Revised, PTSD Symptoms Self-report Scale, Beck Anxiety Inventory and Beck Depression Inventory (P=0.001).The follow up findings also revealed that there are significant differences between the control and the experimental groups in the variables under study (P=0.001). The Findings suggested that this method is effective in alleviating PTSD and its symptoms.
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