...کیفیت سنجی تربیت زیبایی شناسانه دانشجویان معماری در مراکز آموزش عالی (نمونه موردی: مراکز آموزش عالی استان گیلان)
محورهای موضوعی : پژوهش در برنامه ریزی درسی
محدثه صیحانی
1
,
حسین صفری
2
,
امیررضا کریمی آذری
3
,
سیده مامک صلواتیان
4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری معماری، گروه معماری، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران.
2 - استادیار، گروه معماری، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران.
3 - دانشیار، گروه معماری، دانشکده هنرومعماری، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران.
4 - استادیار، گروه معماری، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران.
کلید واژه: آسیب شناسی آموزش, آموزش معماری, تربیت زیبایی شناسانه, زیبایی شناسی, استان گیلان,
چکیده مقاله :
پژوهش حاضر با هدف ارزیابی کیفیت تربیت زیبایی شناسانه دانشجویان معماری در مراکز آموزش عالی استان گیلان و تبیین اهمیت آن در شکل گیری گرایشات و سلیقه زیبایی شناختی آن ها، در سال تحصیلی ۹۸-۹۹ صورت پذیرفت. روش پژوهش با توجه به ماهیت آن در شمار تحقیقات توصیفی- تحلیلی و در طیف مطالعات ارزشیابی قرار می گیرد. برای جمع آوری داده ها، از دو نوع پرسشنامۀ تدوین شده مبتنی بر الگوی استخراج شده از بخش کیفی پژوهش، در طیف لیکرت و پرسشنامۀ تصویری بهره گرفته شد. برای آزمون روایی پرسشنامه از روش روایی محتوا استفاده شد. برای سنجش پایایی پرسشنامه، از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ و برای محاسبۀ آن از نسخه ۲۱ نرم افزار SPSS، در دو مرحله بهره گرفته شد که به ترتیب معادل ۸۹/۰ و ۹۲/۰ به دست آمد. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد، دانشجویان هر دو مقطع کارشناسی و کارشناسی ارشد در جریان آموزش، از دانش زیبایی شناسانه بالاتری نسبت به بینش و توانش زیبایی شناسانه برخوردار شده اند؛ به گونه‌ای‌که در دورۀ کارشناسی، نمرات کسب شده در حوزۀ دانش ۳۹/۳، در حوزۀ بینش ۱۲/۳ و در حوزۀ توانش ۸۶/۲ برآورد شد. در دورۀ کارشناسی ارشد نیز، نمرات کسب شده در حوزه‌های مذکور به ترتیب معادل ۵۷/۳، ۱۸/۳ و ۹۸/۲ به دست آمد. این امر در گرایش محسوس سلیقۀ زیبایی شناختی دانشجویان به زیبایی فرمال نیز نمود یافت؛ به عبارت دیگر بر اساس یافته ها، گرایش یک‌جانبۀ جریان آموزشی به سمت بنیان آموزش در این عرصه، در حال تربیت معمارانی تک‌قطبی در دیدگاه زیبایی شناسانه است.
The aim of this study is to evaluate the quality of aesthetic education of architecture students in Guilan's universities and explain its importance in shaping the aesthetic tendencies and tastes of students in the academic year of 2019-20. Due to its nature, the present research method is descriptive-analytical and in the scope of evaluation studies. In order to collect data, two types of questionnaires based on the model extracted from the qualitative part of the research, in the Likert scale and the visual questionnaire were used. The validity of the questionnaire was assessed by content validity method. The reliability of the questionnaire was assessed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient and to calculate it the 21.0 version of SPSS was used in two stages; which were 0.89 and 0.92 respectively. The results showed that, students in both levels of education have a higher level of aesthetic knowledge compared to aesthetic wisdom and competence in universities. Such a way that in the undergraduate course, the scores obtained in the field of knowledge were 3.39, in the field of wisdom were 3.12 and in the field of competence were 2.86. In the master's degree, the scores obtained in the mentioned fields were 3.57, 3.18 and 2.98, respectively. This was reflected in the significant tendency of their aesthetic manner to formal beauty. In other words, based on results, the one-sided tendency of the educational process towards the foundation of education in this field has led to the training of one-dimensional architects in an aesthetic perspective
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