بررسی کارایی پوست انار در حذف نیکل و کروم از پساب صنعتی و طراحی آزمایش به روش سطح پاسخ
محورهای موضوعی : میکروبیولوژی مواد غذایینسرین هاشمی 1 , مسعود هنرور 2 , الهه قره خانی 3
1 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی علوم و صنایع غذایی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسالمی، تهران، ایران
2 - دانشیار گروه علوم و مهندسی صنایع غذایی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسالمی، تهران، ایران
3 - استادیار گروه شیمی، واحد ساوه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، استان مرکزی، ایران
کلید واژه: واژه های کلیدی: آلودگی, فلزات سنگین, پوست انار, فاضلاب, جذب,
چکیده مقاله :
چکیده آلودگی آب با فلزات سنگین سمی در اثر تخلیه فاضلاب صنعتی یک مشکل زیست محیطی در سراسر جهان است. حذف فلزات سنگین از پساب صنعتی موضوعی قابل توجه در زمینه آلودگی آب است که یک معضل جدی در کاهش کیفیت آب می باشد. فلزات متعددی مانند نیکل، کادمیوم، کروم، کبالت، مس، سرب، جیوه و روی به میزان قابل توجهی سمی می باشند. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی تاثیر پوست انار به عنوان یک جاذب ارزان قیمت در حذف فلزات نیکل و کروم می باشد. پوست های انار ابتدا با محلول سود 1/0 نرمال اصلاح شد و توانایی جذب بررسی گردید. تاثیر سود بر روی جاذب توسط تکنیک های CHN، FT-IR، و SEM مورد بررسی و ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که اصلاح جاذب با سود در حذف یون‌های کروم و نیکل از پساب صنعتی موثر بوده است. آزمایشات جذب در غلظت های مختلف جاذب، زمان، دما و pH های مختلف انجام گرفت. تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها نشان میدهد که شرایط بهینه برای یون نیکل (II) g/L 4.5 از جاذب، 6pH=، دما308.15 K و زمان 60 دقیقه و شرایط بهینه برای یون کروم (VI)، g/L 4 از جاذب، 5.5pH= ، دمای300.65K و زمان 100 دقیقه می باشد. تحقیقات صورت گرفته و نتایج حاصل از آن با توجه به مزایای بالقوه، استفاده از این جاذب به عنوان جاذب زیستی جهت حذف نیکل و کروم در پساب صنعتی را به عنوان چشم اندازی امیدوار کننده و دوستدار محیط زیست پیشنهاد می کند. واژه های کلیدی: آلودگی، فلزات سنگین، پوست انار، فاضلاب، جذب
Abstract Water pollution with toxic heavy metals due to industrial wastewater discharge is a global environmental issue. The removal of heavy metals from industrial effluents is a significant concern in the field of water pollution and a serious challenge in reducing water quality. Multiple metals such as nickel, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, lead, mercury, and zinc are notably toxic. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of pomegranate peel as a cost-effective adsorbent in removing nickel and chromium metals. Pomegranate peels were initially treated with a 0.1 N sulfuric acid solution, and their adsorption capacity was examined. The effect of sulfuric acid on the adsorbent was assessed using CHN, FT-IR, and SEM techniques. The results indicated that the modification of the adsorbent with sulfuric acid was effective in removing chromium and nickel ions from industrial wastewater. Adsorption experiments were carried out at various adsorbent concentrations, times, temperatures, and pH levels. Data analysis revealed that the optimal conditions for nickel ions (II) are a concentration of 4.5 g/L of the adsorbent, pH 6, a temperature of 308.15 K, and a time of 60 minutes. The optimal conditions for chromium ions (VI) are a concentration of 4 g/L of the adsorbent, pH 5.5, a temperature of 300.65 K, and a time of 100 minutes. The research conducted and the results obtained suggest that, considering the potential benefits, the use of this adsorbent for the removal of nickel and chromium in industrial wastewater is a promising and environmentally friendly approach.
Abbasi, Z., Alikarami, M. & Homafar, A. )2009(. Adsorption study on pomegranate peel: removal of Ni 2+ from aqueous solution and Co2+. Inorganic Chemistry, 3, 3-6.
Abdul, K. S. M., Jayasinghe, S. S., Chandana, E. P., Jayasumana, C. & De Silva, P. M. C. (2015). Arsenic and human health effects: A review. Environmental toxicology and pharmacology, 40, 828-846. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.etap.2015.09.016.
Abdullah, N., Yusof, N., Lau, W., Jaafar, J. & Ismail, A. (2019). Recent trends of heavy metal removal from water/wastewater by membrane technologies. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 76, 17-38. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2019.03.029
Akkari, I., Graba, Z., Bezzi, N., Merzeg, F. A., Bait, N. & Ferhati, A. (2021). Raw pomegranate peel as promise efficient biosorbent for the removal of Basic Red 46 dye: equilibrium, kinetic, and thermodynamic studies. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 1-14. http://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-021-01620-9
Ayyoubi, B., Jamshidi Zanjani, A. & Khodadadi Darban, A. (2018). Removal of hexavalent chromium ions by adsorption on manganese ferrite adsorbents: A study on kinetics and thermodynamics. Modares Civil Engineering Journal, 18, 119-132. [In Persian]
Badillo-camacho, J., Orozco-guareño, E., Carbajal-arizaga, G. G., Manríquez-gonzalez, R., Barcelo-quintal, I. D. & Gomez-salazar, S. (2020). Cr (VI) adsorption from aqueous streams on eggshell membranes of different birds used as biosorbents. Adsorption Science & Technology, 38, 413-434. http://doi.org/10.1177/0263617420956893
Ben-ali, S. (2021). Application of raw and modified pomegranate peel for wastewater treatment: a literature overview and analysis. International Journal of Chemical Engineering. http://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8840907
Bhatnagar, A. & Minocha, A. (2010). Biosorption optimization of nickel removal from water using Punica granatum peel waste. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 76, 544-548. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2009.12.016.
Chelladurai, S. J. S., Murugan, K., Ray, A. P., Upadhyaya, M., Narasimharaj, V. & Gnanasekaran, S. (2021). Optimization of process parameters using response surface methodology: A review. Materials Today: Proceedings, 37, 1301-1304.
Cheyad, M. S. & Salman, T. A. (2017). Characterization and study the inhibition activity of pomegranate peel extract for α-brass corrosion in H2SO4 solution. Oriental Journal of Chemistry, 33, 1241. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojc/330323
Gnaiger, E. & Bitterlich, G. (1984). Proximate biochemical composition and caloric content calculated from elemental CHN analysis: A stoichiometric concept. Oecologia, 62, 289-298.
Ghaneian, M. T., Jamshidi, B., Amrollahi, M., dehvari, M. & Taghavi, M. (2013). Application of biosorption process by pomegranate seed powder in the removal of hexavalent chromium fromaqueous environment. Koomesh; 15 (2), 206-211. [In Persian]
Giri, R., Kumari, N., Behera, M., Sharma, A., Kumar, S., Kumar, N. & Singh, R. (2021). Adsorption of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solution using pomegranate peel as low-cost biosorbent. Environmental Sustainability, 4, 401-417. http://doi.org/10.1007/s42398-021-00192-8
Hadigol, N., Fahim Danesh, M. & Hosseini, S. (2019). Exploration of the Potential of Activated Carbon Produced from Pomegranate Peel as a Two- and Three-Component Adsorbent for Color and Metal Removal in Liquid Environments. Research in Iranian Food Science and Industries. 15 (2), 369-380. [In Persian]
Hong, S. J., Mun, H. J., Kim, B. J. & Kim, Y. S. (2021). Characterization of nickel oxide adsorbents synthesized under low temperature. Micromachines, 12, 1168. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi12101168
Khajeh Mahriza, M. & Shahi, Z. (2019). Study of factors influencing the removal of heavy metals from wastewater using adsorbent materials (Biological- Natural), Journal of studies in the world of Color, 3(9), pp. 15-26. [In Persian].
Lefebvre, D. D. & Edwards, C. (2010). Decontaminating heavy metals from water using photosynthetic microbes. Emerging Environmental Technologies, Volume II. Springer.
Msaadi, R., Sassi, W., Hihn, J. Y., Ammar, S. & Chehimi, M. M. (2021). Valorization of pomegranate peel balls as bioadsorbents of methylene blue in aqueous media. Emergent Materials, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42247-021-00174-w
Najim, T. S. & Yassin, S. A. (2009). Removal of Cr (VI) from aqueous solution using modified pomegranate peel: equilibrium and kinetic studies. E-journal of chemistry, 6, S129-S142. https://doi.org/10.1155/2009/936541
Ngo, Y. L. T. & Hur, S. H. (2016). Low-temperature NO2 gas sensor fabricated with NiO and reduced graphene oxide hybrid structure. Materials Research Bulletin, 84, 168-176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2016.08.004
Pashaei, H., Ghaemi, A., Nasiri, M. & Karami, B. (2020). Experimental modeling and optimization of CO2 absorption into piperazine solutions using RSM-CCD methodology. ACS omega, 5, 8432-8448. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.9b03363
Raji, C., Manju, G. & Anirudhan, T. (1997). Removal of heavy metal ions from water using sawdust-based activated carbon.
Reddy, K., Al Shoaibi, A. & Srinivasakannan, C. (2015). Preparation of porous carbon from date palm seeds and process optimization. International journal of environmental science and technology, 12, 959-966. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-013-0468-9
Rezaei, A. & Hosseini, H. (2012). Chromium, environmental-health effects, and purification strategies. International Journal of Water Engineering [In Persian].
Romero-Cano, L. A., Gonzalez Gutierrez, L. V. & Baldenegro Perez, L. A. (2016). Biosorbents prepared from orange peels using Instant Controlled Pressure Drop for Cu (II) and phenol removal. Industrial Crops and Products, 84, 344-349.
Saeed, M. O., Azizli, K., Isa, M. H. & Bashir, M. J. (2015). Application of CCD in RSM to obtain optimize treatment of POME using Fenton oxidation process. Journal of Water Process Engineering, 8, e7-e16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2014.11.001
Shouman, M. A. H. & Khedr, S. A. A. (2015). Removal of cationic dye from aqueous solutions by modified acid-treated pomegranate peels (Punica granatum): Equilibrium and kinetic studies. Asian Journal of Applied Sciences, 3.
Sud, D., Mahajan, G. & Kaur, M. (2008). Agricultural waste material as potential adsorbent for sequestering heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions–A review. Bioresource technology, 99, 6017-6027. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2007.11.064
Taheriyoun, A. P. (2019). Evaluation of coagulation and flocculation processes for the removal of heavy metals from the chemical wastewater of Mobarakeh Steel Complex. Environmental Science and Technology, 21(6), 46-60. [In Persian]
Tavakoli, M. (2020). Assessment of Natural Adsorbents in Water and Wastewater Treatment. Research and Environmental Technology, 7, 39-54. [In Persian]
Vardin, H., Tay, A., Ozen, B. & Mauer, L. (2008). Authentication of pomegranate juice concentrate using FTIR spectroscopy and chemometrics. Food Chemistry, 108, 742-748. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.11.027
Weckhuysen, B. M., Wachs, I. E. & Schoonheydt, R. A. (1996). Surface chemistry and spectroscopy of chromium in inorganic oxides. Chemical Reviews, 96, 3327-3350.