تاثیر نانو کلات پتاسیم بر شاخص‌های فیزیولوژیکی و عملکردی جو در شرایط قطع آبیاری در مراحل تکاملی
محورهای موضوعی : اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی
محمد سیاحی
1
(
دانشجوی فارغ التحصیل کارشناسی ارشد گروه زراعت، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران
)
مانی مجدم
2
(
گروه زراعت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اهواز، اهواز، ایران.
)
علیرضا شکوه فر
3
(
دانشیار گروه زراعت، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران
)
کلید واژه: تنش قطع آبیاری, محلول‌پاشی, هدایت روزنه‌ای, عملکرد دانه,
چکیده مقاله :
به منظور بررسی تاثیر نانو کلات پتاسیم بر شاخص‌های فیزیولوژیکی و عملکردی جو در شرایط قطع آبیاری، تحقیقی به صورت کرت‌های یک بار خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد. تیمار اصلی شامل: آبیاری کامل (شاهد)، عدم آبیاری در ابتدای ساقه رفتن و عدم آبیاری در مرحله گرده افشانی و تیمار فرعی شامل: عدم محلول‌پاشی (شاهد)، 35 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر و 65 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر نانو کلات پتاسیم بود. نتایج نشان داد که اثر قطع آبیاری و نانو کلات پتاسیم از نظر تعداد سنبله، تعداد دانه در سنبله، وزن هزار دانه، عملکرد دانه، هدایت روزنه‌ای، دمای سایه انداز گیاهی و محتوای نسبی آب برگ از نظر آماری در سطح احتمال 1% معنی‌دار بود. در اثر متقابل قطع آبیاری و نانو کلات پتاسیم، تعداد سنبله، وزن هزار دانه، دمای سایه انداز گیاهی و محتوای نسبی آب برگ در سطح احتمال 1% و هدایت روزنه‌ای در سطح احتمال 5% معنی‌دار شد. بیشترین عملکرد دانه در آبیاری کامل (5308 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و کاربرد 65 میلی‌گرم در لیتر نانو کلات پتاسیم (4854/9 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بود و کمترین آن در عدم آبیاری در مرحله گرده‌افشانی (3169/4 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و عدم محلول‌پاشی (3588 کیلوگرم در هکتار) مشاهده شد. حداکثر محتوای نسبی آب برگ در آبیاری کامل و محلول‌پاشی 65 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر نانو کود پتاسیم (73/13 درصد) و حداقل آن در عدم آبیاری در مرحله گرده افشانی و عدم محلول‌پاشی نانو کود پتاسیم (35/99 درصد) بود. بیشترین هدایت روزنه‌ای در آبیاری کامل و محلول‌پاشی 65 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر نانو کود پتاسیم (185/87 میلی‌مول بر متر مربع بر ثانیه) و کمترین آن در عدم آبیاری در مرحله گرده افشانی و عدم محلول‌پاشی نانو کود پتاسیم (47/99 میلی‌مول بر متر مربع بر ثانیه) بود. در نتیجه، محلول‌پاشی 65 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر نانو کود پتاسیم در دوره‌های مختلف تنش قطع آبیاری باعث بهبود عملکرد دانه و حفظ آب برگ در مقایسه با شاهد (عدم محلول‌پاشی) شده است.
In order to effect of potassium nano chelate on physiological and yield characteristics of barley in irrigation cut-off conditions, this research was done as split plot in randomized complete blocks design with three replications. Main treatment consisted: full irrigation, no irrigation at the beginning of stem elongation, and no irrigation at the pollination stage and sub treatment consisted: no foliar application (control), 35 mg.L-1 and 65 mg.L-1 potassium nano chelate. results showed that the effect of deficit irrigation cut-off and potassium nano-chelate on number of spikes, number of seeds per spike, weight of 1000 seeds, grain yield, stomatal conductance, canopy temperature and relative water content leaf were statistically significant at 1% level of probability. Interaction irrigation cut-off and potassium nano-chelate number of spikes, weight of 1000 seeds, in canopy temperature and relative water content leaf were significant at 1% probability and stomatal conductance at 5% probability level. The highest grain yield was in full irrigation (control) (5308 kg.ha-1) and 65 mg.L-1 potassium nano-chelate (4854.9 kg.ha-1) and the lowest was in irrigation at anthesis (3169.4 kg.ha-1) and no foliar application (control) (3588 kg.ha-1). the maximum relative water content of leaf was in complete irrigation (control) and foliar application of 65 mg.L-1 potassium nano-fertilizer (73.13%) and the minimum was in non-irrigation at anthesis and non-foliar application of potassium nano-fertilizer (35.99%). maximum stomatal coductance was in complete irrigation (control) and foliar application of 65 mg.L-1 potassium nano-fertilizer (185.87 mlmol.m-2s-1) and the minimum was in non-irrigation at anthesis and non-foliar application of potassium nano-fertilizer (47.99 mlmol.m-2s-1). as a result, foliar application of 65 mg.L-1 potassium nano-fertilizer at different irrigation cut-off periods cause improves grain yield and leaf water in comparison to control (no foliar application) and is recommended.
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