پاسخ فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی جعفری مکزیکی (Tagetes minuta L.) به کاربرد قارچ‌های مایکوریزا در شرایط تنش شوری

محورهای موضوعی : ژنتیک

مرتضی ایرجی مارشک ¹ , محمد مقدم ²

1 - گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
2 - گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1398/03/19 تاریخ پذیرش : 1398/06/19 تاریخ انتشار : 1399/10/01

کلید واژه: پرولین, نشت الکترولیت, کلونیزاسیون, محتوای کلروفیل برگ,

چکیده مقاله :

به منظور بررسی تاثیر قارچ های مایکوریزا در شرایط تنش شوری بر خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی گیاه جعفری مکزیکی (Tagetes minuta L.) آزمایشی گلدانی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 2 عامل و در 3 تکرار انجام شد. فاکتور اول کاربرد دو نوع قارچ میکوریزا در سه سطح (عدم تلقیح، Rhizophagus intradices وFunnetiformis mosseae) و فاکتور دوم شوری آب آبیاری در 4 سطح (0، 40، 80 و 120 میلی‌مولار به‌ترتیب معادل 0، 5/3، 7 و 5/10 دسی زیمنس بر متر کلرید سدیم) بود. تیمار شوری در گیاهان در مرحله هشت برگی و سه روز در هفته اعمال شد. نتایج نشان داد اعمال تنش شوری منجر به کاهش محتوای نسبی آب و کلروفیل برگ شد. با افزایش سظح تنش میزان نشت الکترولیت، کربوهیدرات کل و پرولین برگ افزایش یافت. در مقابل استفاده از قارچ‌های مایکوریزا منجر به بهبود صفات اندازه گیری شده تحت شرایط تنش شوری گشت. طبق نتایج بدست آمده مقدار پرولین، کربوهیدرات کل و نشت الکترولیت با کاربرد قارچ مایکوریزا در شرایط تنش کاهش یافت که ناشی از تاثیر مثبت کاربرد این قارچ ها در متعادل کردن شرایط رشدی برای گیاه تحت تنش شوری بود. همچنین بیشترین مقدار محتوای نسبی آب برگ و کلروفیل a، b و کلروفیل کل در تیمار عدم اعمال تنش شوری و کاربرد قارچ مایکوریزا گونه اینترارادیکس مشاهده شد. با توجه به نتایج این تحقیق می توان بیان کرد که اعمال تنش شوری در غلظت 120 میلی مولار منجر به کاهش شدید صفات مورد بررسی شد. این در حالی است که کاربرد قارچ‌های مایکوریزا در این سطح نتوانست اثرات منفی تنش شوری را بهبود بخشد. استفاده از قارچ مایکوریزا گونه اینترارادیکس نسبت به موسه آ تاثیر بیشتری در بهبود خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی جعفری مکزیکی در شرایط تنش شوری در غلظت پایین داشت.

چکیده انگلیسی:

In order to investigate the effect of mycorrhizal fungi under salinity stress conditions on physiological and biochemical properties of Mexican marigold (Tagetes minuta L.), a pot factorial experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design with two factors and three replications. The first factor was the application of two types of mycorrhizal fungi at three levels (non-inoculation, Rhizophagus intradices, and Funnetiformis mosseae) and the second factor was irrigation with salinity water at 4 levels (0, 40, 80, and 120 mM equal to 0, 3.5, 7, and 10.5 ds/m sodium chloride, respectively). The salinity treatment was applied in the plants at the eight-leaf stage and on three days a week. Results showed that application of salinity stress reduced the relative water content and chlorophyll of leaves. With increasing salinity concentration, the amount of electrolyte leakage, total carbohydrate, and proline increased in leafs. In contrast, the use of mycorrhizal fungi resulted in improved traits measured under salt stress conditions. The amount of proline, total carbohydrate, and electrolyte leakage decreased with the use of mycorrhizal fungi under stress conditions due to the positive effect of these fungi on balancing growth conditions in the plant under salt stress. Also, the highest amount of relative water content and chlorophyll a, b, and total chlorophyll of leaves were observed under non salinity stress treatment and application of R. intradices. According to the results of this research, it can be concluded that the application of salinity stress at 120 mM resulted in a significant reduction in the studied traits. Besides, the application of mycorrhiza fungi at this level of salinity could not improve the negative effects of salt stress. The use of R. intradices compared to the F. mosseae had a greater effect on the improvement of physiological and biochemical characteristics of Mexican marigold under salinity stress conditions at low salt concentration.

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