اثر افشانه برگی عصاره آبی جلبک قهوه‌ای (Nizamuddinia zanardinii) در سطوح مختلف نیتروژن بر برخی صفات فیزیولوژیکی، بیوشیمیایی و عملکرد گندم
محورهای موضوعی : ژنتیک
آذین غفاری زاده
1
(گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، ایران)
سید منصور سیدنژاد
2
(گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، ایران)
عبدالعلی گیلانی
3
(بخش اصلاح و تهیه بذر، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منایع طبیعی استان خوزستان،
سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اهواز، ایران)
کلید واژه: نیتروژن, عملکرد گندم, افشانه برگی, رشد سطح برگ, عصاره جلبک قهوه‌ای,
چکیده مقاله :
این تحقیق به منظور ارزیابی اثر افشانه برگی عصاره آبی جلبک قهوه‌ای (Nizamuddinia zanardinii) در سطوح مختلف نیتروژن بر برخی صفات فیزیولوژیکی، بیوشیمیایی و عملکرد گندم رقم چمران2 انجام شد. تحقیق به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در پنج سطح عصاره آبی جلبک قهوه‌ای (صفر، 5، 10، 15 و 20 درصد) و سه سطح نیتروژن (0، 5/34 و 69 کیلوگرم در هکتار) به اجرا درآمد. میزان سطح برگ، محتوای رنگدانه‌های فتوسنتزی، کربوهیدرات محلول، پروتئین و پرولین در مرحله گیاهچه‌ای و ارتفاع بوته، طول سنبله و شاخص برداشت کل گیاه در مرحله رسیدگی کامل سنجش شد. نتایج نشان داد کاربرد عصاره جلبک قهوه‌ای منجر به افزایش معنی‌دار در میزان صفات رشد مورد بررسی نسبت به شاهد شد. غلظت 10 درصد عصاره جلیک قهوه‌ای به همراه 5/34 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن بیشترین میزان سطح برگ، محتوای رنگدانه‌های فتوسنتزی، کربوهیدرات، پروتئین، ارتفاع بوته، طول سنبله و شاخص برداشت کل را حاصل کرد. بیشترین میزان پرولین در غلظت 20 درصد عصاره جلبک قهوه‌ای مشاهده شد. با توجه به نتایج بدست آمده استفاده از غلظت 10 درصد عصاره جلبک قهوه‌ای به همراه 5/34 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن موجب حصول حداکثر کیفیت و عملکرد گندم شد.
This study was designed in order to investigate the effect of foliar spraying of brown seaweed water extract (Nizamuddinia zanardinii) at different levels of nitrogen on some physiological, biochemical, parameters and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Chamran 2). The experiment was based on a factorial study with completely randomized design and three replications at five levels (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 percent) of brown seaweed water extract and three levels of nitrogen (0, 34.5 and 69 kg.hec-1). Leaf area, photosynthetic pigments, soluble carbohydrates, protein, and proline content at seedling stage and plant height, spike length, and total harvest index of plant at complete mature stage were measured. The results showed that application of brown seaweed extract led to a significant increase in the studied growth parameters in comparison with the control. Application of brown seaweed extract at concentration of 10% along with 34.5 kg.hec-1 nitrogen resulted in the highest leaf area, photosynthetic pigment content, carbohydrates, protein, plant height, spike length, and total harvest index. The maximum amount of proline was observed at concentration 20% of brown seaweed extract. According to the results, using brown seaweed extract at 10% concentration along with 34.5 kg.hec-1 nitrogen led to the maximum quality and yield of wheat.
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