The increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome on the one hand and its relationship with other chronic non-communicable diseases on the other hand has led to many studies to investigate the causes of metabolic syndrome or its components. This study was a case-control study that was performed on 160 men and women (80 individuals with metabolic syndrome and 80 healthy individuals) with a mean age of 47.8 years. In this study, demographic questionnaires, 147-item feed frequency, anthropometric and body composition information, blood pressure, and a fasting blood sample were taken from all subjects. All data were analyzed using SPSS software. People with metabolic syndrome had higher intakes of cereals, offal, fruits, oils, and snacks, and the differences were significant. Also, the mean atherogenic plasma index (AIP), cardiac risk ratio, and atherogenic coefficient (AC) in the group of patients with metabolic syndrome were higher significant than in the patients. However, there was no significant difference between the ORAC diet in the healthy and affected groups. There was also no association between dietary ORAC and AIP. Among the food groups, only nuts and viscera were not associated with the ORAC diet, but more food groups such as legumes, meats, fast foods, vegetables, spices, nuts, tea, coffee, and sugars were not associated with AIP. The results also showed that according to AIP values, 71.3% of healthy people are at risk of developing metabolic syndrome. According to the results, it seems that indicators related to the quality of dietary fat have an effective role in the development of metabolic syndrome and its components. However, the ORAC index did not have a significant effect on the development of the metabolic syndrome and its components and was associated only with the intake of many food groups. پرونده مقاله

Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a simple, inexpensive, quick, and non-invasive technique for measuring body composition and its analysis is used as an alternative to examine muscle mass and body fat percentage Obesity and depression are two major public health problems among adolescents. Both obesity and depression are very prevalent and associated with numerous health complications, including hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, and increased mortality. The present study was a cross-sectional study on 157 adult females and males from student and staff of Science and Research Branch of Islamic Azad University (SRBIAU) of Tehran that classified in two groups of normal weight and overweight or obese. The proportion of body tissues was determined according to the resistance created. The weight of the subjects was measured and recorded using BIA. Using the DASS-21 Questionnaire for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Based on the present findings, anthropometric indices such as weight, skeletal muscle mass, body mass index, waist to hip ratio, visceral fat level, whole-body water (L), body fat mass (kg), basal metabolic ratio (kcal), degree of obesity (%) ), fat percentage analysis (%), muscle weight analysis (kg), muscle percentage analysis were significantly different between the two groups (P <0.0001) and were higher in obese or overweight groups than the normal one. There were no significant differences in anxiety (p=0.496), stress (p=0.407), and mental health score (p=0.251) in both groups. Whereas, depression was significantly higher in the overweight or obese group (p=0.012). There was no meaningful relationship between BMI and stress (CC=0.04, P=0.612), anxiety (CC=0.052, P=0.519), whereas the positive correlation between BMI and depression (CC=0.932, P=0.035) was significant. There was a direct relationship between obesity and depression, anxiety, and stress. BMI correlates positively with mental health parameters. پرونده مقاله

Acid-base status, which can be affected by dietary acid load, has been related to risk factors for metabolic syndrome (MetS). In the current study, we investigated the association between dietary acid load and metabolic syndrome among children and adolescents. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 500 participants, aged 8-18 years old. The dietary intake of participants was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, and the potential renal acid load (PRAL) and net endogenous acid production (NEAP) scores were calculated. Multiple logistic regression models were used to estimate the risk of metabolic syndrome according to the PRAL and NEAP quartile categories. The mean age of the participants was 12.9±2.5 years old. Mean PRAL and NEAP scores were -4.23 and -19.70 mEq/day, respectively. In this study, the potential confounders including age, sex, BMI, and total energy, were adjusted in the multivariable-adjusted model. By using logistic regression, no significant association was observed between PEAL and NEAP with metabolic syndrome (OR= 0.98, 95% CI: 0.55-1.55, p-value=0.775 and OR=0.88, 95% CI: 0.49-1.39, p-value=0.418, respectively), after adjustment for potential confounders. Longitudinal studies should be conducted to evaluate the association between PRAL and NEAP with metabolic syndrome in children. پرونده مقاله

This study was aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of sports club members as well as to conduct anthropometric measurements and dietary habits assessments. The study population consisted of members of sports clubs. The socio-economic status (SES) questionnaire, demographic information, dietary habits questionnaire, questionnaire of knowledge, attitude, and practice on sports supplements, anthropometric measurements, and physical activity questionnaires were investigated. Knowledge, attitude, and practice of sports clubs’ members were reported to be low in the sense that both men and women practiced bodybuilding more than other sports in all five regions of Tehran. Men and women reported exercising for fitness and weight loss respectively. Men took supplements to gain muscle mass while took them women more for weight loss. Protein and carbohydrate, branched-chain amino acid (BCAA), fiber, anabolic steroids, glutamine, arginine, and antioxidant supplements were consumed more frequently by men. The consumption rate of the supplement was high amongst the members of sports clubs; however, their knowledge and attitude were low. Additionally, the dietary habits of subjects were not suitable and their physical activity was not proper. According to anthropometric data, the prevalence of overweight and obesity was high. Regarding what is mentioned above, the authorities are required to include such issues in large-scale policies. پرونده مقاله

Acne vulgaris is a prevalent skin disorder that affects millions of teens and young adults worldwide, but its link to dietary intake is still unclear and requires more research. This cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between diet and acne among 150 adolescents aged 12-18 in Tehran province. The participants reported their dietary intake using a 24-hour recall method. Their anthropometric data were measured using standard methods. Their acne severity was assessed using the Global Acne Scoring System (GAGS). Their diet quality was evaluated using the International Diet Quality Index (DQI-I) based on Kim et al. 2003. The mean GAGS scores for the whole sample and for girls and boys were 9.24±8.9, 8.79±8.9, and 9.7±7.13, respectively. The prevalence of acne was 71.5% for the whole sample, 93.3% for boys, and 69.1% for girls. The mean DQI-I score for the whole sample was 48.54. The regression analysis showed no association between acne severity and DQI-I score, food groups, or micro and macronutrients. This study found no evidence of a connection between diet quality and acne among adolescents. Further prospective studies are needed to verify or refute this finding. پرونده مقاله

Memory has an important role in human life, and any reduction causes many problems, and increasing it improves the quality of life. Research has shown that dietary intake is an important factor in brain function and development which might affect the level of memory. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between eating habits and memory status and anthropometric indices of local and non-local students of Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch of Tehran. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 190 students, 97 boys and 93 girls (134 local and 56 non-local) 18 to 50 years old from the Science and Research Branch of Islamic Azad University were chosen randomly. The required data were collected by a general information questionnaire and memory was collected using Kim Karad Memory Questionnaire. Eating habits were also assessed using the IAUFHQ-82 questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Based on the present study no significant relationship was found between eating habits and memory status and body mass index. Furthermore, no significant difference was observed between the eating habits of local and non-local students. Surprisingly no insignificant relationship was observed between eating habits and memory status and body mass index; hence, it is necessary to conduct further studies with large-scale sample size. پرونده مقاله

One of the most worldwide chronic diseases is diabetes which has affected a large population worldwide and it is predicted that 649 million adults will be diabetic by 2040. Many foods and ingredients were tested to combat diabetes. Both probiotics and prebiotics which are known as synbiotic have shown beneficial effects on many diseases including diabetes. Although several studies have evaluated the effect of synbiotic consumption on lipid profile in patients with diabetes, findings are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of synbiotics on lipid profile in diabetic patients. A systematic literature search of online databases including PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Magiran, SID, and Cochrane’s library was conducted up to January 2021. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of synbiotics on lipid profile in diabetic patients were included. A total of 11 RCTs with 662 participants were included. Synbiotic consumption resulted in a decrease in plasma concentrations of TC, TG, LDL, and an increase in plasma HDL levels compared to the control group (placebo supplements/control foods/conventional products). Synbiotic supplements may be profitable to ameliorate lipid profile in patients with diabetes and it should be suggested by both dietitians and healthcare clinics to diabetic patients. پرونده مقاله

Child health is very vital in all societies, which is prejudiced by the interaction of numerous factors. Pediatric healthy nutrition is one of the most imperative and influential elements in the health of children which affects anthropometric indices. In this study, the effectiveness of one meal warm food for the rural kindergarten of two main cities in the East and West of I.R. Iran Urmia and Mashhad have been carried out. In this cross-sectional study, anthropometric z scores of 5508 children (2750, Urmia vs 2758, Mashhad) were measured by using WHO Anthro and Anthro plus software based on WHO 2007 standards and analyzed using SPSS. Based on the present findings, 16% of children from West and 15% of children from the East showed moderate to severe lower weight for height. In addition, girls showed more severe underweight than boys did. BMI-for-age children from the West and the East approximately showed 14% and 15% of moderate to severe underweight and dropped to about 9% and 12% respectively. Moreover, the percentage of overweight of children in the study was lightly changed to obese especially in boys from the West. Between the two genders, male and female, overweight in girls and obesity in boys found higher than the opposite sex, and relatively similar trends have continued after the intervention in the west. This project was successful to lower moderately severe wasting in children based on body mass index from 7% to about 5% in the west and from 6% to about 5% in the east too. The slight increase in the scale of overweight and obesity and a half percent of overweight children from the west after the program was shown. Even though boys from the West showed a higher increase of obesity than girls had more overweight than boys did, but there was no change before and after intervention in the east, reduction of moderate and severe underweight found similarly in both genders. Due to the relative success of the present intervention plan, nutritional education along these kinds of projects may improve the nutritional status of children in society and prevent pediatric malnutrition. پرونده مقاله

Food insecurity is one of the issues that have a serious impact on the nutritional status of all individuals in society, especially children and given that food insecurity can be a precursor of health, developmental and nutritional problems, determining the factors associated with it, is also essential in any community it seems. According to this, this study aimed to determine the relationship between food security, socioeconomic status and anthropometric indices in children 2-5 years in Hamedan city. In this analytical descriptive cross-sectional study, 683 children 2-5 years (360 boys, 323 girls) from Hamedan city and villages were selected by systematic cluster sampling methods from the Hamedan University of Medical sciences. HFLAS 9-item questionnaire to investigate food security, and also, a general questionnaire was completed through interviews with mothers of children. Also, children of anthropometric Z scores were measured by using the world health organization (WHO) Anthro software basal on WHO 2007 standards. Eventually, data were analyzed by SPSS software. According to this study, there was a significant correlation between the mother's and father's education and occupation, frequency of snack and food security with children's weight for age (p <0.05). Also, there was a significant correlation between the mother's and father's job, frequency of snack with children's weight for height (p <0.05). While BMI for age had a significant correlation with maternal education, (p <0.05). Also, height for age correlated with the mother’s education and occupation, father’s education, number of snacks and food security (p <0.05). Also, no significant difference was found between other components (p>0.05). The result of this study shown that there was a significant correlation between food security, Z score height for age, Z scores BMI for age, mother's and father's education, mother's job and socioeconomic status of the household. پرونده مقاله

Introduction: In recent decades, there has been a great deal of attention toward the beneficial effects of herbs in prevention and treatment of different diseases. Phytochemicals, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and antioxidants are most common words in this era. Some of herbs due to their long history of usage are more interesting to be examined and found out their possible medicinal capabilities which in this study antioxidant activity, total phenolic and flavonoids contents of Orthosiphon stamineus, Teucrium polium, and Berberis vulgaris were analyzed. Materials and Methods: Decoction of the herbs were prepared and analyzed. Total Phenolic Content (TPC) were evaluated with Folin-Ciocalteu's phenol reagent. Colorimetric Aluminum Chloride method was used for flavonoid determination and The antioxidant activities of the extracts were determined on their ability to scavenge 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals, based on a modified method of Brand Williams. Results: Based on the obtained results B. vulgaris showed the highest level of TPC, TFC and antioxidant activity followed by O. stamineus, T. polium. No degradation of analyzed activities were found after mixing all these decoctions. Conclusion: According to the present study, results of TPC, TFC, and DPPH scavenging activities showed possible beneficial effects of studies herbs and their mixed ones due to their components which might be used in prevention, suppression or treatment of NCDs. پرونده مقاله

Obesity is an important preventable disease and increases the chance of developing some chronic diseases like hypertension which is related to many factors including oxidative stress. Dietary antioxidants protect the body against oxidative stress. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential association of dietary oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) index with blood pressure in overweight or obese subjects compared to normal-weight subjects. In a cross-sectional study on 157 adult females and males from students and staff of Science and Research Branch of Islamic Azad University (SRBIAU) of Tehran that classified in two groups of normal weight and overweight or obese were evaluated. Demographic and validated food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) were completed and individuals' weight and height information were measured using the BIA. The systolic and diastolic pressure was recorded by the Automatic Blood Pressure monitor. Dietary antioxidant was estimated based on the ORAC index of selected foods reported by the Nutrient Data Laboratory of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). The results showed that there was a significant difference between the normal and overweight or obese groups in terms of body mass index, systolic and diastolic pressure (p=0.0001). Also, the ORAC index was higher in normal individuals than the case group, but it was not significant (p=0.222). There was also an inverse correlation between dietary ORAC, systolic and diastolic pressure in both groups, and only in the normal weight group, the association between systolic pressure and the dietary ORAC index was significant (p=0.04). The findings of the present study suggested that the dietary ORAC index was inversely associated with systolic and diastolic pressure in both subjects. پرونده مقاله

Pediatric obesity is going to be one of the major risk factors in our era. It might have adverse effects on all aspects of child’s health. It could affect both physically and mentally and cause emotional suffering as well. It is shown that obesity could decrease cognition, but its relationship with emotional intelligence (EI) is unclear. In this cross-sectional study, the relationship between the child’s weight and level of EI has been investigated. Seventy-one children with average age 9.2±2.3 years old (32 girls and 39 boys) of volunteer parents who have come to counseling clinic were joined in this study. Anthropometrical information of children including BMI for age Z score was analyzed by using Anthro Plus software. Demographic information such as gender, year of birth, household income, and parental educational status were obtained by using common SES questionnaire. Emotional intelligence of children was obtained by using “Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire Child Short Form” (TEIQue-CSF). A significant negative correlation between BMI and EI score was seen in both genders (r2=0.33, p=0.001). A similar pattern was also noticed for both boys and girls. Despite the similarity of this pattern in both genders, to some extent boys showed a stronger negative relationship between their BMI and EI score (Girls: r2=0.293, p=0.001; Boys: r2=0.388, p=0.001). Based on the present study, overweight and obesity are associated with a higher EI score in both genders, which shows the importance of weight effect on EI. پرونده مقاله