زمینه و هدف: فلزات سنگین و رنگزاها به وسیله فعالیت های صنعتی و توسعه فن آوری بیشتر از میزان طبیعی در محیط زیست منتشر شده اند. این آلاینده ها به دلیل سمی بودن، اثرات نابهنجاری بر محیط زیست و سلامتی موجودات به ویژه انسان ها دارند. بنابراین توسه روش هایی نوین که بتواند این آلاینده ها را از محیط زیست به طور همزمان حذف کند بسیار مهم است. روش بررسی: در این تحقیق دو روش اکسیداسیون پیشرفته و جذب بیولوژیکی در راکتور واحد تلفیق گردیده و آلاینده ها را وارد راکتور کرده و در صد حذف آن ها بررسی گردید، آلاینده هایی که در این راکتور حذف می شوند رنگزَای Reactive Black B(RBB) و یون منگنز می باشد . برای حذف رنگزای RBB از فرایند UV/H2O2 و برای حذف یون منگنز از جاذب بیولوژیکی که در سدیم آلزینات تثبیت شده بود، استفاده گردید. بعد از انجام دو فرایند مذکور در سیستم batch و با توجه به شرایط بهینه در راکتور واحد این دو فرایند با هم تلفیق شده وگرانول ها را در فیلتر پلی اتیلنی ریخته و در داخل راکتوری که در مرکز آنلامپUVتعبیه شده، قرار گرفت. یافته ها: با توجه به نتایج TOC و COD مشخص گردید که در حالتی که فقط از فرایند UV/H2O2 استفاده شده در صد حذف TOC و COD به ترتیب 35% و 5/79% بوده ولی در حالت تلفیقی درصد کاهش TOC به 56% و COD به 22/90 % می رسد. بحث و نتیجه گیری: به طور همزمان یون منگنز فقط به وسیله گرانول و رنگزا توسط فرایندUV/H2O2و مقدار جزئی توسط گرانول جذب و حذف گردید. پرونده مقاله

One of the problems in removing pollutants from water by photocatalytic methodsistheseparationof thecatalystfrom thesolution. In this study, the catalyst stabilization method was used to solve this problem. Nano ZnFe2O4 supported on Copper Slag (CS) produced in this research is an environment-friendly, simple and cost-effective catalyst. ZnFe2O4 was prepared for co-precipitation methods and supported on CS by the thermal process. Its characterization was done by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), BET surface area and X-Ray diffraction patterns (XRD). The degradation of p-Xylene as a pollutant in water was performed by the UV + H2O2 process using ZnFe2O4/CS as a photocatalyst. Circulate Packed Bed Reactor (CPBR) was used. For photocatalytic degradation of the p-Xylene, full factorial experimental design with three factors containing pH, the initial concentration of p-Xylene and H2O2 in three levels was used. The best conditions were determined as pH= 9, the concentration of p-Xylene= 70 ppm and concentration of H2O2= 20 ppm. Degradation efficiency in the best condition was 95.40 %. This new catalyst can also be used in processes for organic pollutant degradation. پرونده مقاله

In this research, preparation of Zn0.95Ni0.04Co0.01O/PANI (polyaniline) (0.5%, 1% and 1.5% PANI) nano composites was performed by synthesis of pure polyaniline and adsorption of resulted organic chains on the structure of Zn0.95Ni0.04Co0.01O nano particles. The as-prepared samples was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and BET techniques. According to the X-ray diffraction analysis, pure PANI has semi crystalline structure while all of the composites showed the characteristic peaks of Zn0.95Ni0.04Co0.01O with hexagonal wurtzite structure. The FTIR spectroscopy approved the interactions of PANI chains and Zn0.95Ni0.04Co0.01O nano particles. Field emission scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed amorphous structure of PANI and the spherical shape of nano composite. The BET analysis attributed the largest specific surface area of Zn0.95Ni0.04Co0.01O/PANI (1% PANI) nano composite. The photocatalytic results showed that the dye can be effectively decolorized by Zn0.95Ni0.04Co0.01O/PANI (1% PANI) nano composite. The enhancement of photocatalytic performance is due to the decrease of specific surface area and the high separation efficiency of photo-induced electron-hole pairs. پرونده مقاله

Photocatalysis has attracted significant attention as a potential issue for degradation of toxic organic pollutants such as Congo Red. In this research spherical Pure ZnO nano particles and Ni-Co-ZnO nano composites (Zn0.95Ni0.04Co0.01O, Zn0.95Ni0.025Co0.025O and Zn0.95Ni0.01Co0.04O) have been synthesized by precipitation method. X- ray diffraction, Fourier transform Infra Red ,field emission scanning electron microscopy, EDX and ICP analysis confirmed the structure and composition of samples. The x-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) showed that all samples prepared were of Wurtzite structure and average crystal size of 17nm. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis revealed the spherical shape of all samples. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) revealed bands at 435 cm-1, 480 cm-1 and 525 cm-1 are related to Zn-O bonds , related to the stretching vibrating bonds of ZnO. The results illustrated the Ni and Co ions substituted the Zn ions in ZnO crystal lattice successfully. The results showed that some of doped Ni-Co ZnO exhibit enhanced photocatalytic activity , as compared to pure ZnO. Kinetic of de-colorization process for all photo-catalysts followed psedu first order. In degradation process The best photocatlyst was (Zn0.95Ni0.04Co0.01O). پرونده مقاله