Lactobacillus plantarum was the most common species in the microflora of artisanal Siahmazgi white brined cheese with 41.6% occurrence among the total isolated LAB. In this study, the attachment properties of 5 different L. plantarum strains isolated from Siahmazgi traditional cheese were evaluated by in vitro tests including auto and co-aggregation, hydrophobicity, and cell adhesion. A relatively high amount of auto-aggregation ranged from 58.21 to 73.99% was seen in selected isolates. Co-aggregation was highly variable from 1.46 to 49%, depending on the pathogenic bacteria and L. plantarum isolates. Hydrophobicity was also highly different in tested strains ranging from 6.58 to 73.3%. Two isolates showed great affinity about 73% to chloroform. All the isolates presented high adhesion to Caco-2 cell line up to about 90%. In conclusion, five L. plantarum isolates showed appropriate attachment properties and could be good candidates for further studying, including safety evaluation, that support their use as probiotics. پرونده مقاله

In this study the effect of incorporation of aqueous extract of Agave tequilana (AEAT) on viability of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacillus acidophilus was investigated. No reduction of cell viability was seen in any treatment groups of L. acidophilus during the storage time. A statistically significant increase in L. acidophilus count was found in synbiotic yogurt samples containing 1 and 1.5% concentrations of the extract at day 21 of storage compared to the first day (p <0.05). The viability of B. bifidum remained unchanged in control probiotic yogurt during the storage, while there was a viability increase of 1, 1.2 and 2.4 log cycles in synbiotic yogurt samples containing 0.5, 1 and 1.5% concentrations of the extract during the storage, respectively. The final pH at day 21 ranged from 3.98-4.15. The pH of all yogurt samples was decreased as a function of time, while no statistically difference in pH was seen between different groups (p>0.05). All the yogurt samples revealed an increase in titratable acidity as a function of storage time. In conclusion, as the results of this study indicated improvement of probiotic bacteria in yogurt incorporated with AEAT, its potential application as a functional food formulation is recommended. پرونده مقاله

In this study, the effects of different concentrations of Trachyspermum ammi and Lavandula officinalis essential oils (EOs) were investigated individually and in combination against certain foodborne pathogens, including E. coli, Salmonella typhimurium, L. monocytogenes, Bacillus cereus, and Staphylococcus aureus. The MIC of T. ammi essential oil alone against the studied bacteria was as follows: E. coli (1000 ppm), S. typhimurium (2000 ppm), L. monocytogenes (1000 ppm), B. cereus (2000 ppm), and S. aureus (2000 ppm). On the other hand, the MIC of L. officinalis alone against the studied bacteria was higher: E. coli (>4000 ppm), S. typhimurium (>4000 ppm), L. monocytogenes (1000 ppm), B. cereus (1000 ppm), and S. aureus (2000 ppm). Interestingly, the combined effect of T. ammi and L. officinalis EOs demonstrated that a combination of 500 ppm T. ammi EO and 1000 ppm L. officinalis EO could effectively inhibit the growth of E. coli. Similarly, a combination of 500 ppm T. ammi EO with 500 ppm L. officinalis EO and 125 ppm T. ammi EO with 1000 ppm L. officinalis EO effectively inhibited the growth of S. aureus. Furthermore, the combined MIC values for specific bacteria were 1000 ppm T. ammi EO with 3000 ppm L. officinalis EO for Salmonella typhimurium, 500 ppm T. ammi EO with 500 ppm L. officinalis EO for L. monocytogenes, and 1000 ppm T. ammi EO with 500 ppm L. officinalis EO for Bacillus cereus. Overall, the combination of these two essential oils led to an increase in the lag phase and a decrease in the growth rate of the target bacteria, which is significant in food microbiology. In conclusion, the study highlights the importance of the combination application of T. ammi and L. officinalis EOs as natural antimicrobial agents in food safety. پرونده مقاله