Alienation in Ian Mc Evan’s: “Child in Time,” and “The Cement Garden”: A Review based on Melvin Seaman’s Theory
محورهای موضوعی : Research Paper
Saeid Unesi
1
(English Literature Department, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran)
Fatemeh AzizMohammadi
2
(English Literature Department, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran)
Mojgan Yarahmadi
3
(English Literature Department, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran)
کلید واژه: isolation, suffering, Complicated,
چکیده مقاله :
Alienation is a significant phenomenon that forms the subject of many psychological, sociological, literary, philosophical, and even physiological studies. Alienation is among the most critical justifications bringing about the internal and external pains and sufferings in life. Emerging as a result of war, persecution, famine, and ruin, alienation terminates unfortunately in suffering, isolation, and sometimes critical disasters. In literature, the alienated protagonist is usually a frequent figure in much of the ancient and contemporary fiction. The main issue of alienation refers to a destructive consequence of getting, or feeling of getting separated from people that one is living with them. It refers to become useless, or to feel becoming useless in the field of social relations and interactions. It is the outcome of becoming alienated, so that one thinks that no longer anyone needs him / her, and / or his / her services. Aiming to review the theme of alienation, and focusing on Melvin Seaman’s concepts of alienation in general, the present paper, in particular, will review the manifestation of the term alienation in “The Child in Time,” and “The Comfort of Strangers,” that are both the well-known novels written by Ian Russell McEwan, one of the greatest British novelists and screenwriters of the twentieth century. By describing the disastrous aftermath of the alienation, this article tries to alarm the man regarding the catastrophic and destructive consequences of the alienation in the life of the existing societies.
از خود بیگانگی پدیده ای قابل توجه است که موضوع بسیاری از مطالعات روانشناختی، جامعه شناختی، ادبی، فلسفی و حتی فیزیولوژیکی را تشکیل می دهد. از خود بیگانگی یکی از انتقادی ترین توجیهاتی است که دردها و رنج های درونی و بیرونی را در زندگی به همراه دارد. بیگانگی که در نتیجه جنگ، آزار و اذیت، قحطی و ویرانی پدید می آید، متأسفانه به رنج، انزوا و گاهی بلایای بحرانی ختم می شود. در ادبیات، قهرمان داستان از خود بیگانه معمولاً در بسیاری از داستان‌های باستانی و معاصر چهره‌ای مکرر است. موضوع اصلی از خود بیگانگی به پیامد مخرب بدست آوردن یا احساس جدایی از مردمی اشاره دارد که فرد با آنها زندگی می کند. به بی فایده شدن یا احساس بی فایده شدن در زمینه روابط و تعاملات اجتماعی اشاره دارد. این نتیجه از خود بیگانگی است، به طوری که فرد فکر می کند که دیگر کسی به او و یا خدمات او نیاز ندارد. مقاله حاضر با هدف مرور مضمون بیگانگی و تمرکز بر مفاهیم بیگانگی ملوین سیمن به طور خاص، به بررسی تجلی واژه بیگانگی در «کودک در زمان» و «آرامش غریبه ها» می پردازد. که هر دو رمان معروفی هستند که توسط ایان راسل مک ایوان، یکی از بزرگترین رمان نویسان و فیلمنامه نویسان بریتانیایی قرن بیستم نوشته شده است. این مقاله سعی دارد با تشریح پیامدهای ناگوار بیگانگی، انسان را نسبت به پیامدهای فاجعه بار و مخرب بیگانگی در زندگی جوامع موجود هشدار دهد.
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