بررسی فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی، فنل و فلاونوئید کل گیاه دارویی Melissa officinalis L. در بسترهای مختلف کشت تحت شرایط هیدروپونیک
محورهای موضوعی : گیاهان دارویی
الهام فرخی
1
(گروه خاک شناسی- دانشکده کشاورزی - دانشگاه ارومیه)
عباس صمدی
2
(علوم خاک - دانشکده کشاورزی- دانشگاه ارومیه)
امیر رحیمی
3
(عضو هیات علمی)
کلید واژه: آنتی‌اکسیدان, فنل, بادرنجبویه, پیت‌ماس, اندازه پرلیت,
چکیده مقاله :
کشت هیدروپونیک دارای مزایای زیادی از قبیل عملکرد بالا، تولید محصولات یکنواخت و کنترل بهتر عناصر غذایی نسبت به خاک می‌باشد. هیدروپونیک، روشی است که در آن از بسترهای آلی یا معدنی برای کشت گیاه استفاده می‌شود. به منظور بررسی اثر بسترهای مختلف کشت بر خواص آنتی‌اکسیدانی برگ‌های گیاه دارویی بادرنجبویه (.Melissa officinalis L)، آزمایشی بر پایه‌ی طرح کاملا تصادفی با استفاده از 11 تیمار و 3 تکرار در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه ارومیه انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل بستر پرلیت با اندازه‌های: کوچکتراز 5/0، 1-5/0، 5/1-1، 2-5/1 و بیش از2 میلی‌متر به صورت 100 درصد حجمی و مخلوط اندازه‌های پرلیت با پیت ماس (50:50) و بستر پیت‌ماس خالص (100 درصد حجمی) بودند. میزان فنل کل، فلاونوئید کل و فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی، به ترتیب با استفاده از معرف فولین سیوکالتو، کلرید آلومینیوم و روش 2و2 دی‌فنیل-1- پیکریل هیدرازیل (DPPH) اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد، تفاوت معنی‌داری در پارامترهای مورد اندازه‌گیری در بسترهای معدنی(اندازه‌های مختلف پرلیت)، بسترهای آلی(پیت ماس) و مخلوط بسترهای آلی و معدنی مشاهده شد. بیشترین میزان فنل کل فلاونوئید کل (، آنتوسیانین کل فعالیت جمع کنندگی رادیکال سوپراکسید و فعالیت جمع کنندگی رادیکال DPPH در بستر پیت‌ماس خالص مشاهده شد، درحالی که کمترین مقدار فعالیت جمع کنندگی رادیکال نیتریک اکسید در بستر پیت‌ماس بود. می‌توان نتیجه گرفت، بسترهای کشت مختلف دارای خصوصیات فیزیکی و شیمیایی مختلفی هستند که می‌توانند بر خصوصیات آنتی-اکسیدانی گیاه اثر بگذارند. با توجه به نتایج بدست آمده مشاهده شد، بستر پیت‌ماس خصوصیات آنتی‌اکسیدانی بادرنجبویه را نسبت به بسترهای کشت دیگر، افزایش داده است.
Hydroponic culture has several advantages such as higher yield, product uniformity improvement, and better control of elements absorption than soil condition. The hydroponic is a method which organic or inorganic substrates are used for plant cultivation. In order to investigate the effect of different growing media on antioxidant properties of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis), an experiment was done based on completely randomized design using 11 treatments with three replications at Experimental Greenhouse of Urmia University. Growing media tested were: perlite substrate with grads: <0.5, 0.5-1 ,1-1.5 ,1.5-2 and >2 mm as 100% and mixed grades of perlite with peat moss (50:50) and pure peat moss (100% V). The total phenolic content, total flavonoid, and antioxidant activity were measured by using folin ciocalteu reagent, aluminum chloride, and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) methods respectively. The results showed that significant differences were observed the measured parameters in inorganic (perlite with different sizes), organic (peat most), and mixture of organic and inorganic substrates. The highest content of total phenol (0.63mg GAA/100g), total flavonoid (0.07 mg Q/100g), total anthocyanin (1.7 mg/gdw), superoxide radical scavenging activity (55.3%) and radical scavenging activity DPPH (67.8%) were observed in pure peat moss medium, while the lowest nitric oxide radical scavenging activity (67%) was in peat moss medium. In conclusion different culture media which possess different physical and chemical characteristics, can affect the plant antioxidant properties. According to the results, peat moss substrate increased the antioxidant properties of lemon balm compared to other culture media
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