بررسی تاثیر زمان برداشت بر کمیت و کیفیت اسانس دو گونه از گیاه دارویی Thymus lancifolius و Thymus armeniacus

محورهای موضوعی : گیاهان دارویی

زهرا کریمی ¹ (دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران)
سعداله هوشمند ² (استاد، گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران)
عبدالرحمن محمدخانی ³ (دانشیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران)
کاظم یوسف زاده ⁴ (دانش آموخته دکتری اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1395/06/09 تاریخ پذیرش : 1395/09/11 تاریخ انتشار : 1396/03/01

کلید واژه: فنولوژی, اسانس, تیمول, آویشن, کارواکرول,

چکیده مقاله :

گونه‌های مختلف جنس آویشن به‌دلیل پتانسیل سنتز متابولیت های ثانویه تیمول و کارواکرول از مصارف گسترده دارویی برخوردارند. این تحقیق به منظور بررسی تاثیر زمان های مختلف برداشت (شروع گلدهی‌، 50 درصد و 100 درصد گلدهی) بر کمیت و کیفیت اسانس دو گونه از آویشنT. lancifolius و armeniacus T. به‌صورت یک آزمایش گلدانی و با استفاده از طرح آزمایشی کاملا تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1394 در دانشگاه شهرکرد اجرا شد. سرشاخه‌های هوایی گیاه طی سه مرحله برداشت گردید، استخراج اسانس با استفاده از دستگاه تقطیر با آب (طرح کلونجر) و آنالیز مواد موثره با استفاده از دستگاه GC/MS انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد در فاز کامل گلدهی، گونه‌ها از بیشترین مقدار محتوای اسانس برخوردار بودند . بیشترین میزان تیمول (62 درصد) در مرحله شروع گلدهی و بیشترین میزان سیترونلول (2/30 درصد) در فاز نیمه و کامل گلدهی گیاه T. lancifolius گزارش گردید. بیشترین میزان کارواکرول (44-45 درصد) به‌ترتیب در مراحل شروع و نیمه گلدهی گیاه T. armeniacus و بیشترین میزان 1و8- سینئول (4/14 درصد) در فاز گلدهی کامل گزارش گردید. نتایج بیانگر آنست که کمیت و کیفیت مواد موثره اسانس بسته به نوع گونه و زمان‌های مختلف رشد و نمو متفاوت بوده و به تناسب آن نیز می‌تواند از عملکردهای متفاوت دارویی برخوردار باشد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Thymol and carvacrol are two valuable secondary metabolites which are importance in medicinal use. This study aimed to investigate the effect of different harvesting times (pre blooming, 50% in blooming and 100% in blooming) on quantity and quality of T. armeniacus and T. lancifolius essential oil in pot experiment by using a completely randomized design in three replications during 2015 from Shahrekord University. The aerial parts of plants were collected in three times and the essential oils were extracted by hydro distillation (Clevenger apparatus) and were analyzed by using GC/MS. . The results were showed that in full blooming stages of plants had the highest of essential oil yield. The highest content of thymol (62%) was obtained in pre blooming and citronelol (30%) in 50% and full blooming of T. lancifolius. The highest carvacrol (44-45%) were obtained in 50% and full blooming stage of T. armeniacus, respectively. In conclusion, the variation species and harvesting times of plants were affected on quality and the function of essential oils.

منابع و مأخذ:

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