بررسی خوگیری اکوفیزیولوژیک و قابلیت تعدیل شوری سیانوباکتری خاکزی Anabaena sp. FS 76 جمع‌آوری شده از مناطق آلوده نفتی تحت تاثیر تیمار مشترک شوری و محدودیت نور
محورهای موضوعی : ژنتیکشادمان شکروی 1 , الهه کیائی 2 , افسانه پاکزاد 3 , حمیده سادات امیرلطیفی 4
1 - گروه زیست‌شناسی، واحد گرگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرگان، ایران
2 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد گرگان، باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، گرگان، ایران
3 - گروه زیست‌شناسی، واحد گرگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرگان، ایران
4 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد گرگان، باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، گرگان، ایران
کلید واژه: نفت, آنابنا, سیانوباکتری, تعدیل شوری, اکوفیزیولوژی محیطی,
چکیده مقاله :
مسئله رفع شوری ناشی از استخراج نفت در دهه اخیر یکی از عمده‌ترین مسائل زیست محیطی کشور می‌باشد. روش‌های زیستی در مناطق آلوده به نفت می‌توانند از کارامدترین روش‌ها محسوب گردند. هدف این مطالعه بررسی توان کاهش شوری توسط سیانوباکتری جدا شده از مناطق آلوده نفتی بود. سیانوباکتری Anabaena sp.FS 76 از مناطق نفتی جنوب کشور (استان خوزستان) جمع‌آوری شد و در شرایط آزمایشگاهی از نظر خوگیری توام به شوری و نور محدود افراطی، از نظر اکوفیزیولوژیک مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. تیمارهای شوری شامل محیط فاقد شوری و محیط کشت BG011 واجد کلرید سدیم با مقادیر مختلف (25/0، 5/0 ، 75/0و 1 درصد) در نظر گرفته شد. سنجش‌ها شامل بررسی بقا و رشد، رنگیزه‌ها (فیکوسیانین، آلوفیکوسیانین، فیکواریترین)، قند و پروتئین بود. نتایج نشان داد که بیشینه نرخ رشد در شوری 1 درصد بود. شوری تا حد 1 درصد نه تنها سبب کاهش محتوای قند و پروتئین کل نشد بلکه به طور معنی‌داری آن را افزایش داد. طیف‌های جذبی در تنش توام شوری و نور محدود افراطی، وجود سیستم میله ای و مرکزی فیکوبیلی زوم را تایید نمود. در این تحقیق مشخص شد قابلیت تعدیل شوری در این سیانوباکتری در شرایط طبیعی وجود دارد. این قابلیت در شوری‌های بالا به‌خصوص 1 درصد به بالاترین حد رسید. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد نمونه از نظر فیزیولوژی محیطی و بیوتکنولوژی نمونه‌ای توانمند و قابل توجه جهت بررسی‌های آتی می‌باشد.
The issue of salinity stress caused by oil extraction has been one of the major environmental issues of the country in the last decade. Biological agents in oil-contaminated areas can be considered the most efficient methods. The aim of this study was to reduce salinity by cyanobacteria isolated from oil contaminated areas. Soil cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. FS 76 were collected from oil polluted areas of southern Iran (Khuzestan province) and were studied ecophysiologically for acclimation ability at combination of different salinities (up to 1%) and extremely limited irradiances (2 μmol quanta.m-2S-1) at laboratory conditions. Samples were collected from oil polluted soils at different stations of Khuzestan province (Khark) for one year. Anabaena sp.FS 76 showed common strain and was selected for next steps after preliminary identification. Salinity treatments included Salt-free medium and BG011 medium with 0.25, 0. 5, 0.75, and 1% sodium chloride which were applied before and after limited irradiance treatments. Analysis involved growth analysis, Pigments (phycocyanin, allophycocyanin, phycoerythrin) and protein and sugar content assays. Results showed that the maximum growth rate may be observed at 1% salinity. At this range of salinity. 1% NaCl not only may not decrease total sugar and protein content but also cause significant increase. In vivo absorption spectra support the presence of central and rod sections of phycobilisome. This strain has salinity amelioration ability at the laboratory conditions. This potentiality reaches to highest degrees of salinity especially at 1% probability level. The results showed examples of environmental physiology and biotechnology powerful is for future studies.
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