مقایسه مقادیر سرمی ویتامین‌های E وC ، عنصر سلنیوم، هموگلوبین و فعالیت آنزیم گلوتاتیون پراکسیداز در اسب‌های سالم و مبتلا به بیماری گورم
محورهای موضوعی :
آسیب شناسی درمانگاهی دامپزشکی
محمدرضا ولیلو
1
(استادیار گروه پاتوبیولوژی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم پزشکی تبریز، تبریز، ایران.)
سینا مقدم
2
(دستیار تخصصی گروه بیماری‌های داخلی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.)
علی حسن پور
3
(دانشیار گروه علوم درمانگاهی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم پزشکی تبریز، تبریز، ایران.)
تاریخ دریافت : 1400/12/01
تاریخ پذیرش : 1401/03/23
تاریخ انتشار : 1401/03/01
کلید واژه:
ویتامین C,
ویتامینE,
سلنیوم,
گورم,
هموگلوبین,
گلوتاتیون پراکسیداز,
چکیده مقاله :
گورم یکی از بیماری های عفونی و واگیردار اسب بوده که توسط استرپتوکوکوس اکوئی ایجاد می شود. مطالعه حاضر به منظور بررسی مقادیر سرمی ویتامین های E و C، عنصر سلنیوم، هموگلوبین و فعالیت سرمی آنزیم گلوتاتیون پراکسیداز در اسب‌های سالم و مبتلا به بیماری گورم انجام گرفت. بدین منظور، ابتدا بیماری مذکور در تعداد 60 رأس اسب، بر اساس نشانه‌های بالینی و کشت باکتریایی تأیید شد. در ادامه برای به‌دست آوردن سرم اسب‌های بیمار مذکور و همچنین سرم تعداد 52 رأس اسب سالم با شرایط سنی و تغذیه‌ای و مدیریتی یکسان به عنوان گروه سالم، از ورید وداج آن ها نمونه خون اخذ شد. پس از جداسازی سرم، مقادیر سلنیوم، ویتامین های E وC ، هموگلوبین و فعالیت سرمی آنزیم گلوتاتیون پراکسیداز هر نمونه خون، جداگانه اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که میانگین سطح سرمی سلنیوم، ویتامین های E و C و نیز فعالیت سرمی آنزیم گلوتاتیون پراکسیداز در اسب‌های بیمار کاهش داشت که به غیر از ویتامین C این کاهش در بقیه موارد معنی‌دار بود (05/0p همچنین در اسب‌های بیمار میزان هموگلوبین سرم افزایش معنی‌داری داشت. در بررسی همبستگی بین مقدار سلنیوم سرم با میزان فعالیت سرمی آنزیم گلوتاتیون پراکسیداز، ویتامین E و میزان هموگلوبین در اسب‌های مبتلا به گورم هم مشخص گردید که یک ارتباط مثبت بین آن ها وجود دارد، به طوری که با افزایش سلنیوم سرم، آنتی‌اکسیدان‌های مذکور نیز افزایش می‌یابد. در گروه بیمار ارتباط این شاخص اکسیدانی سرم با هر سه مورد شامل گلوتاتیون پراکسیداز، ویتامین E و هموگلوبین معنی‌دار بود (05/0p با توجه به این که مشخص شد در اسب‌های مبتلا به گورم، آنتی‌اکسیدان‌های سلنیوم، گلوتاتیون پراکسیداز و ویتامین E کاهش می‌یابد، در درمان و کنترل این بیماری باید به تأمین آنتی‌اکسیدان‌ها اهمیت داده شود.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Strangles is a prevalent infectious and contagious disease among Equidae that is caused by Streptococcus equi subspecies equi. The present study was performed on patient and healthy horses to evaluate serum levels of vitamin C (vitamin C), vitamin E (vitamin E), selenium (Sel) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Clinical signs and bacterial culture confirmed sixty patient horses. To separate the serum, blood samples were taken from the jugular vein of the studied horses. Blood samples were also taken from 52 healthy horses with similar conditions (age, diet, etc.). Serum levels of Vit E, Vit C, Se and serum’s activity of GPx were measured in samples taken from healthy and patient horses. The mean serum concentration of vitamin E, selenium and serum glutathione peroxidase activity in patient horses were significantly reduced. A significant increase in the patient's hemoglobin concentration was observed. The study of the relationship between serum selenium and antioxidants (serum glutathione peroxidase activity, vitamin E and hemoglobin) showed that increasing serum selenium also increased the antioxidants studied. Serum antioxidant markers were significant in patient horses in all three cases. The final outcome is that in horses which infected to strangles antioxidants like selenium, glutathione peroxidase and vitamin E reduced and these antioxidant intakes for dealing with them this issue should be considered in treating these patients.
منابع و مأخذ:
Bazzano, M., McLean, A., Tesei, B., Gallina, E. and Laus, F. (2019). Selenium and vitamin E concentrations in a healthy donkey population in central Italy. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 78: 112-116.
Bedford, H.E., Valberg, S.J., Firshman, A.M., Lucio, M., Boyce, M.K. and Trumble, T.N. (2013). Histopathologic findings in the sacrocaudalis dorsalis medialis muscle of horses with vitamin E–responsive muscle atrophy and weakness. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 242(8): 1127-37.
Brown, J.C., Valberg, S.J., Hogg, M. and Finno, C.J. (2017). Effects of feeding two RRR‐α‐tocopherol formulations on serum, cerebrospinal fluid and muscle α‐tocopherol concentrations in horses with subclinical vitamin E deficiency. Equine Veterinary Journal, 49(6): 753-758.
Constable, P.D., Hinchcliff, K.W., Done, S.H. and Grünberg, W. (2017). Veterinary medicine: a textbook of the diseases of cattle, horses, sheep, pigs and goats. 11th ed., USA: Philadelphia, Elsevier Health Sciences, pp: 1019-1026.
Cummins, K. and Brunner, C. (1989). Dietary ascorbic acid and immune response in dairy calves. Journal of Dairy Science. 72(1): 129-134.
Fagan, M.M., Harris, P., Adams, A., Pazdro, R., Krotky, A., Call, J., et al. (2020). Form of vitamin E supplementation affects oxidative and inflammatory response in exercising horses. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 91: 103103.
Finno, C.J. and Valberg, S.J. (2018). How to effectively supplement horses with vitamin E. AAEP Proceedings. 64: 469-472.
Härtlová, H., Rajmon, R., Dörflerová, A., Zita, L., Řehák, D., Rosmus, J., et al. (2008). Effect of dietary supplementation with vitamin E and Selenium in Thoroughbred horses on the concentration of F 2-isoprostanes in the blood plasma as a marker of lipid peroxidation. Acta Veterinaria Brno, 77: 335-340.
Hassanpour, A., Alipour Kheirkhah, H.R. and Moghaddam, S. (2017). Evaluation of serumic concentration of Haptoglobin and Serum Amyloid-A in horses affected with strangles. Journal of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 11(3): 277-284. [In Persian]
Kao, P.T., Darch, T., McGrath, S.P., Kendall, N.R., Buss, H.L., Warren, H., et al. (2020). Factors influencing elemental micronutrient supply from pasture systems for grazing ruminants. Advances in Agronomy, 164: 161-229.
Kósa, C.A., Nagy, K., Szenci, O., Baska-Vincze, B., Andrásofszky, E., Szép, R., et al. (2021). The role of selenium and vitamin E in a Transylvanian enzootic equine recurrent rhabdomyolysis syndrome. Acta Veterinaria Hungarica, 69(3): 256-265.
Kulka, M., Kolodziejska-Lesisz, J. and Klucinski, W. (2016). Serum paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity and lipid metabolism parameters changes in different production cycle periods of Holstein-Friesian, Polish Red and Norwegian breeds. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 19(1): 165-173.
Mami, S., Khaje, G., Shahriari, A. and Gooraninejad, S. (2019). Evaluation of biological indicators of fatigue and muscle damage in Arabian horses after Race. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 78: 74-78.
Minaii, E. and Araghi-Sooreh, A. (2020). Assessment of Streptococcus equi infection in apparently healthy working horses of Urmia region by indirect ELISA method. Journal of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 14(3): 219-227. [In Persian]
Moghaddam, S., Hassanpour, A. and Shayegh, J. (2021). The relationship between the serological prevalence of strangles disease with the parameters of age, gender, breed, respiratory disease, and geographical region in Tabriz area. Journal of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 15(58): 143-154.
Muirhead, T.L., Wichtel, J.J., Stryhn, H. and McClure, J.T. (2010). The selenium and vitamin E status of horses in Prince Edward Island. The Canadian Veterinary Journal, 51(9): 979-985.
Paillot, R., Lopez‐Alvarez, M., Newton, J. and Waller, A. (2017). Strangles: A modern clinical view from the 17th century. Wiley Online Library, 49(2): 141-145.
Reed, S.M., Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C. (2017). Equine Internal Medicine-E-Book: Elsevier Health Sciences, pp: 331-338.
Richardson, S., Siciliano, P., Engle, T., Larson, C. and Ward, T. (2006). Effect of selenium supplementation and source on the selenium status of horses. Journal of Animal Science. 84(7): 1742-1748.
Saleh, M.A., Al-Salahy, M.B. and Sanousi, S.A. (2008). Corpuscular oxidative stress in desert sheep naturally deficient in copper. Small Ruminant Research. 80(1-3): 33-38.
Smarsh, D.N. and Williams, C.A. (2016). Oxidative stress and antioxidant status in standardbreds: effect of age and acute exercise before and after training. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 47: 92-106.
Smith, C., Kruger, M.J., Smith, R.M. and Myburgh, K.H. (2008). The inflammatory response to skeletal muscle injury. Sports Medicine. 38(11): 947-969.
Velázquez-Cantón, E., De la Cruz-Rodríguez, N., Zarco, L., Rodríguez, A., Ángeles-Hernández, J.C., Ramírez-Orejel, J.C., et al. (2018). Effect of selenium and vitamin E supplementation on lactate, cortisol, and malondialdehyde in horses undergoing moderate exercise in a polluted environment. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 69: 136-144.
White, S.H., Johnson, S.E., Bobel, J.M. and Warren, L.K. (2016). Dietary selenium and prolonged exercise alter gene expression and activity of antioxidant enzymes in equine skeletal muscle. Journal of Animal Science, 94(7): 2867-2878.
White, A., Estrada, M., Walker, K., Wisnia, P., Filgueira, G., Valdés, F., et al. (2001). Role of exercise and ascorbate on plasma antioxidant capacity in thoroughbred race horses. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology. 128(1): 99-104.
Willians, C. and Carlucci, S. (2006). Oral Vitamin E supplementation and oxidative stress, vitamin and antioxidant status in intensely exercising horses. Equine Veterinary Journal, 36: 617-621.
Wyganowska, A., Górski, K., Jania, B., Danielewicz, A. and Andraszek, K. (2017). The effect of selenium on proper body function in horses. JAPS: Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 27(5): 1448-1453.
Yavari, A., Javadi, M., Mirmiran, P. and Bahadoran, Z. (2015). Exercise-induced oxidative stress and dietary antioxidants. Asian Journal of Sports Medicine, 6(1): e24898.
Youssef, M.A., El-Khodery, S.A. and Ibrahim, H.M.M. (2012). Antioxidant trace elements in serum of draft horses with acute and chronic lower airway disease. Biological Trace Element Research. 150(1): 123-129.
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Bazzano, M., McLean, A., Tesei, B., Gallina, E. and Laus, F. (2019). Selenium and vitamin E concentrations in a healthy donkey population in central Italy. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 78: 112-116.
Bedford, H.E., Valberg, S.J., Firshman, A.M., Lucio, M., Boyce, M.K. and Trumble, T.N. (2013). Histopathologic findings in the sacrocaudalis dorsalis medialis muscle of horses with vitamin E–responsive muscle atrophy and weakness. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 242(8): 1127-37.
Brown, J.C., Valberg, S.J., Hogg, M. and Finno, C.J. (2017). Effects of feeding two RRR‐α‐tocopherol formulations on serum, cerebrospinal fluid and muscle α‐tocopherol concentrations in horses with subclinical vitamin E deficiency. Equine Veterinary Journal, 49(6): 753-758.
Constable, P.D., Hinchcliff, K.W., Done, S.H. and Grünberg, W. (2017). Veterinary medicine: a textbook of the diseases of cattle, horses, sheep, pigs and goats. 11th ed., USA: Philadelphia, Elsevier Health Sciences, pp: 1019-1026.
Cummins, K. and Brunner, C. (1989). Dietary ascorbic acid and immune response in dairy calves. Journal of Dairy Science. 72(1): 129-134.
Fagan, M.M., Harris, P., Adams, A., Pazdro, R., Krotky, A., Call, J., et al. (2020). Form of vitamin E supplementation affects oxidative and inflammatory response in exercising horses. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 91: 103103.
Finno, C.J. and Valberg, S.J. (2018). How to effectively supplement horses with vitamin E. AAEP Proceedings. 64: 469-472.
Härtlová, H., Rajmon, R., Dörflerová, A., Zita, L., Řehák, D., Rosmus, J., et al. (2008). Effect of dietary supplementation with vitamin E and Selenium in Thoroughbred horses on the concentration of F 2-isoprostanes in the blood plasma as a marker of lipid peroxidation. Acta Veterinaria Brno, 77: 335-340.
Hassanpour, A., Alipour Kheirkhah, H.R. and Moghaddam, S. (2017). Evaluation of serumic concentration of Haptoglobin and Serum Amyloid-A in horses affected with strangles. Journal of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 11(3): 277-284. [In Persian]
Kao, P.T., Darch, T., McGrath, S.P., Kendall, N.R., Buss, H.L., Warren, H., et al. (2020). Factors influencing elemental micronutrient supply from pasture systems for grazing ruminants. Advances in Agronomy, 164: 161-229.
Kósa, C.A., Nagy, K., Szenci, O., Baska-Vincze, B., Andrásofszky, E., Szép, R., et al. (2021). The role of selenium and vitamin E in a Transylvanian enzootic equine recurrent rhabdomyolysis syndrome. Acta Veterinaria Hungarica, 69(3): 256-265.
Kulka, M., Kolodziejska-Lesisz, J. and Klucinski, W. (2016). Serum paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity and lipid metabolism parameters changes in different production cycle periods of Holstein-Friesian, Polish Red and Norwegian breeds. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 19(1): 165-173.
Mami, S., Khaje, G., Shahriari, A. and Gooraninejad, S. (2019). Evaluation of biological indicators of fatigue and muscle damage in Arabian horses after Race. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 78: 74-78.
Minaii, E. and Araghi-Sooreh, A. (2020). Assessment of Streptococcus equi infection in apparently healthy working horses of Urmia region by indirect ELISA method. Journal of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 14(3): 219-227. [In Persian]
Moghaddam, S., Hassanpour, A. and Shayegh, J. (2021). The relationship between the serological prevalence of strangles disease with the parameters of age, gender, breed, respiratory disease, and geographical region in Tabriz area. Journal of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 15(58): 143-154.
Muirhead, T.L., Wichtel, J.J., Stryhn, H. and McClure, J.T. (2010). The selenium and vitamin E status of horses in Prince Edward Island. The Canadian Veterinary Journal, 51(9): 979-985.
Paillot, R., Lopez‐Alvarez, M., Newton, J. and Waller, A. (2017). Strangles: A modern clinical view from the 17th century. Wiley Online Library, 49(2): 141-145.
Reed, S.M., Bayly, W.M. and Sellon, D.C. (2017). Equine Internal Medicine-E-Book: Elsevier Health Sciences, pp: 331-338.
Richardson, S., Siciliano, P., Engle, T., Larson, C. and Ward, T. (2006). Effect of selenium supplementation and source on the selenium status of horses. Journal of Animal Science. 84(7): 1742-1748.
Saleh, M.A., Al-Salahy, M.B. and Sanousi, S.A. (2008). Corpuscular oxidative stress in desert sheep naturally deficient in copper. Small Ruminant Research. 80(1-3): 33-38.
Smarsh, D.N. and Williams, C.A. (2016). Oxidative stress and antioxidant status in standardbreds: effect of age and acute exercise before and after training. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 47: 92-106.
Smith, C., Kruger, M.J., Smith, R.M. and Myburgh, K.H. (2008). The inflammatory response to skeletal muscle injury. Sports Medicine. 38(11): 947-969.
Velázquez-Cantón, E., De la Cruz-Rodríguez, N., Zarco, L., Rodríguez, A., Ángeles-Hernández, J.C., Ramírez-Orejel, J.C., et al. (2018). Effect of selenium and vitamin E supplementation on lactate, cortisol, and malondialdehyde in horses undergoing moderate exercise in a polluted environment. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 69: 136-144.
White, S.H., Johnson, S.E., Bobel, J.M. and Warren, L.K. (2016). Dietary selenium and prolonged exercise alter gene expression and activity of antioxidant enzymes in equine skeletal muscle. Journal of Animal Science, 94(7): 2867-2878.
White, A., Estrada, M., Walker, K., Wisnia, P., Filgueira, G., Valdés, F., et al. (2001). Role of exercise and ascorbate on plasma antioxidant capacity in thoroughbred race horses. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology. 128(1): 99-104.
Willians, C. and Carlucci, S. (2006). Oral Vitamin E supplementation and oxidative stress, vitamin and antioxidant status in intensely exercising horses. Equine Veterinary Journal, 36: 617-621.
Wyganowska, A., Górski, K., Jania, B., Danielewicz, A. and Andraszek, K. (2017). The effect of selenium on proper body function in horses. JAPS: Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 27(5): 1448-1453.
Yavari, A., Javadi, M., Mirmiran, P. and Bahadoran, Z. (2015). Exercise-induced oxidative stress and dietary antioxidants. Asian Journal of Sports Medicine, 6(1): e24898.
Youssef, M.A., El-Khodery, S.A. and Ibrahim, H.M.M. (2012). Antioxidant trace elements in serum of draft horses with acute and chronic lower airway disease. Biological Trace Element Research. 150(1): 123-129.
