تأملی بر تأثیر اماره ید در جرم پولشویی
محورهای موضوعی : حقوق خصوصیحسین تاج آبادی 1 , محمد صادق آزادفر 2 , علی بنایی 3
1 - دانشیار، گروه فقه و مبانی حقوق اسلامی، دانشگاه صنعتی مالک اشتر،تهران، ایران
2 - دانشجوی دکتری،گروه حقوق جزا و جرم شناسی، دانشگاه امام صادق (ع)، تهران، ایران
3 - گروه الهیات، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: حکم ثانوی, حکم حکومتی, پولشویی, اماره ید, اخلال در نظام اقتصادی,
چکیده مقاله :
پدیده پولشویی در عصر حاضر به یکی از معضلات اقتصاد جهانی تبدیل شده است. از این رو، کشورها و مجامع بین المللی به طور جدی قصد دارند با این پدیده و آثار و تبعات مخرب آن مقابله نمایند. جمهوری اسلامی ایران هماندد سایر کشورها برای مقابله با جرم پولشویی در سال 1386 به تصویب قانون مبارزه با پولشویی در دوازده ماده مبادرت ورزید. علاوه بر معضلات و آثار مخربی که این پدیده بر اقتصاد کشورها از جمله جمهوری اسلامی ایران دارد، وجود ماده ی 1 قانون مبارزه با پولشویی (اماره ید) سبب بروز مشکلات عدیده ای شده است که از جمله آنها به فرجام نرسیدن پرونده‌های مفتوحه و صدور رأی برائت می باشد. بر همین مبنا پژوهش حاضر با تمسک به ادلهسنتی قاعده ید و نیز فقه حکومتی؛ موضوع تأثیر اماره ید در جرم پولشویی و درستی یا نادرستی حذف آن را از قانون مزبور مورد مداقه قرار می‌دهد و سپس اشعار می‌دارد که حذف اماره ید در جرم پولشویی خلاف موازین و مقررات شرعی و قانونی می‌باشد
The phenomenon of money laundering has become one of the problems of the global economy in the present age. Therefore, countries and international forums seriously intend to deal with this phenomenon and its destructive effects and consequences. The Islamic Republic of Iran, like other countries, passed the Anti-Money Laundering Law in twelve articles to combat money laundering. In addition to the problems and destructive effects that this phenomenon has on the economies of countries, including the Islamic Republic of Iran, the existence of Article 1 of the Anti-Money Laundering Law has caused many problems, including the failure to open cases and vote. Accordingly, the present study, relying on traditional arguments of the rule of Amare Yad and government jurisprudence, examines its effect on the crime of money laundering and the rightness or wrongness of removing it from the law, and then concludes that the removal of Amare Yad on the crime of money laundering is against the rules and regulations of Sharia and law.
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