Towards a Contrastive Pragmatic Analysis of Congratulation Speech Act in Persian and English
محورهای موضوعی : language teachingرضا پیش قدم 1 , مصطفی مرادی مقدم 2
1 - Associate Professor of TEFL, Ferdowsi University ofMashhad
2 - PhD Candidate of TEFL, University of Tabriz
کلید واژه: Contrastive Pragmatics, Congratulation Speech Act, Movie Analysis, Chi-square,
چکیده مقاله :
This paper aims at studying the speech act of congratulation in Persian and English with regard to semantic formulas. To gather the semantic formulas related to congratulation, the researchers chose 100 movies (50 in Persian and 50 in English) as the instrument of the study. The only model of cross-cultural comparison was related to that of Elwood (2004). Therefore, we used Elwood’s model as the yardstick to design a new classification for coding congratulation utterances. The new model which is designed in this study covers the categories of the Elwood’s model but omits the overlapping strategies which were observed in that model. The new model enjoys more clarity and is more clear-cut. Also, the non-congratulatory categories of Elwood’s model are deleted in the new design. Six generic categories were recognized as the model of analysis: (1) offering congratulation; (2) mentioning the occasion; (3) blessing wish; (4) expressing feeling; (5) divine statement; and (6) complimenting. In order to investigate the significant of differences between Persian and English categories, the researchers employed Chi-square formula. The results of the study revealed that a) there is a significant difference among various semantic formulas in each language and b) Persian and English congratulation utterances are significantly different with regard to mentioning the occasion, expressing feeling, and divine statement. However, no significant difference was observed with regard to complimenting, offering congratulation and blessing wish. Pedagogical implications are discussed in the context of EFL to link theory into practice.
مطالعۀ حاضر به بررسی کنش گفتار تبریک در زبان فارسی و انگلیسی بر مبنای محتوای معنایی مشترک پرداخته است. از ١٠٠ فیلم برای جمع‌آوری داده‌های تحقیق استفاده شد. چارچوب تحلیل داده‌ها بر اساس مدل الوود (٢٠٠٤) در نظر گرفته شد که از طریق جمله‌های تبریک در فیلم‌ها توانستیم این مدل را ویرایش کرده و طبقه‌بندی جدیدی برای تحلیل جمله‌های تبریک ارائه دهیم. این مدل ویرایش شده کمبودهای ساختار تحلیل الوود را برطرف کرده است. برخی از راهبردهای نامرتبط با تبریک نیز از مدل الوود حذف شد. در انتها، طبقه‌بندی به‌دست آمده شامل ٦ راهبرد به نام تبریک گفتن، ذکر موقعیت، آرزوی خوشبختی، بیان احساس، جمله‌های مذهبی و تعریف و تمجید است. نتایج نشان داد که تفاوت معناداری بین راهبردهای استفاده شده در تبریک‌های فارسی و انگلیسی وجود دارد. دو زبان از لحاظ راهبردهایی مثل بیان موقعیت، بیان احساس و جمله‌های مذهبی تفاوت مهمی داشتند. در انتها، کاربردهای تحقیق ذکر شده است.
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