اثر دو رقم پنبه بر نوسانات جمعیت کنه‌های تارتن Tetranychus spp. Acari : Tetranychidae))
محورهای موضوعی : گیاه پزشکی
سید حمید رضا فرقانی
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هادی استوان
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جواد شاطریان
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نازیلا هنرپرور
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کلید واژه: Iran, ایران, پنبه, Cotton, تغییرات جمعیت, population fluctuations, کنه های تارتن, گنبد کاووس, Tetranychidae, Gonbad Kavous,
چکیده مقاله :
پنبه Gossypium hirsutum L. یک گیاه اقتصادی در اغلب مناطق دنیا به ویژه ایران است. این گیاه ارزشمند در استان گلستان و به ویژه در شهرستان گنبد کاووس از اهمیت و اعتبار خاصی برخوردار می باشد. کنه های تارتن Acari:Tetranychidae)) .Tetranychus spp از جمله آفات خسارت زای مهم این محصول و سایر گیاهان زراعی محسوب می شوند. بدین منظورطی یک بررسی ارقام متداول منطقه مورد ارزیابی مقاومت در برابر خسارت کنه های تارتن قرار گرفتند. نتایج بدست آمده در بررسی های جمعیتی تخم و مراحل فعال کنه به ترتیب برای ارقام ساحل 60/0±34/10 تخم و 29/1 ±15/24 کنه در سال اول و 05/2±56/22 تخم و 57/2 ±23/35 کنه در سال دوم بدست آمد، در حالی که برای رقم سای اکرا در سال اول 43/0±42/7 تخم و 93/0 ±89/15 کنه و در سال دوم 46/0 ±62/8 تخم و 05/1 ±93/16 کنه تعیین گردید. افزایش جمعیت کنه از اواخر تیر تا اواخر شهریور ماه بوده و مشخص شد که دما اثر معنی داری بر افزایش جمعیت کنه خصوصا روی رقم ساحل داشته است. از آنجا که هر ساله مشکلات زیادی در اثر کاربرد بیش از حد سموم شیمیائی ایجاد می شود لذا این مطالعه با مد نظر قراردادن ارزیابی دو رقم زراعی پنبه می تواند به عنوان راهکاری مدیریتی ضمن کاهش مصرف سموم، کنترل مناسبی نیز برای مقابله با آفت باشد.
Cotton plant, Gossypium hirsutum L., is one of the most economic crop around the world and in GonbadKavous (located in North of Iran) is an important cotton cropping region. The spider mites (Tetranychus spp., Acari: Tetranychidae) are the most damaging pests on the field crops. Use of resistant cultivar is one of the foremost accepted chemical-free techniques for controlling this pest. A two year study was conducted to evaluate resistance of two most-cultivated cultivars, sahel and siokra, against spider mites. The results showed that there was a significant difference in population of spider mites, so that the population on Sahel was more than Siokra for two years studied. The separate population figures for each year recorded 10.3 ± 0.6 eggs and 24.2 ± 1.3 mites on Sahel, 7.4 ± 0.4 eggs and 15.9 ± 0.9 mites on Siokra in first year whereas it was 22.6 ± 2.1 eggs and 35.2 ± 2.6 mites and also 8.6 ± 0.5 eggs and 16.9 ± 1.1 mites in second year for them. Mite’s populations increased from mid-season to the end of growing period. The results showed that effects of ambient temperatures on egg populations and number of active stages of mites was more favorable on Sahel compared with Siokra. Population assessment of mites on these two cultivars can be used in management of the pest.
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