بررسی رهاسازی انبوه بالتوری سبزChrysoperla carnea (Neu., Chrysopidae) در کنترل بیولوژیک شپشک آرد آلود جنوبNipaecoccus viridis (Hem., Pseudococcidae) در باغات مرکبات جهرم

محورهای موضوعی : گیاه پزشکی

عبدالرسول ذاکرین ¹ , کریم زیبایی ² , مجید فلاح زاده ³

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تاریخ دریافت : 1388/10/20 تاریخ پذیرش : 1388/11/18 تاریخ انتشار : 1388/10/01

کلید واژه: Iran, ایران, Biological control, Fars, فارس, کنترل بیولوژیک, Chrysoperla carnea, بالتوری سبز, شپشک آردآلود جنوب, Nipaecoccus viridids,

چکیده مقاله :

شپشک آردآلود جنوب Nipaecoccus viridis (Newstead) از آفات مهم مرکبات و بسیاری از گیاهان زراعی و غیر زراعی در نواحی گرمسیری و نیمه گرمسیری جهان است. این آفت در جنوب ایران از استان ‌های فارس، هرمزگان و خوزستان گزارش شده است و در سال‌ های اخیر خسارت شدیدی به مرکبات جهرم وارد کرده است. پتانسیل تولید مثلی بالا و گسترش وسیع آفت و مسائل و مشکلات کنترل شیمیایی، استفاده از دشمنان طبیعی در مدیریت تلفیقی با آن را مورد توجه قرار داده است.به منظور بررسی امکان کنترل بیولوژیک این آفت با استفاده از لارو بالتوریChrysoperlacarnea (Steph.)تحقیق حاضر در باغات مرکبات جهرم از استان فارس در سال های 1383 و 84 صورت گرفت. لارو سن اول بالتوری در قالب یک طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با 6 تیمار و 4 تکرار در شرایط طبیعی رها سازی انبوه شد. به منظور جلوگیری از تاثیر منفی دخالت مورچه ها در فعالیت لاروهای شکارگر، در تمام تیمارها از فعالیت مورچه روی تنه درختان با استفاده از نوار چسب مخصوص جلوگیری به عمل آمد. برای ارزیابی نتایج تحقیق از درصد آلودگی میوه ها به شپشک آردآلود استفاده شد. بررسی جامع و کامل تجزیه و تحلیل آماری این تحقیق گویای این است که امکان کنترل شپشک آرد آلود با رهاسازی انبوه سه مرحله لارو بالتوری در تاریخ های 10، 20 و 30 اردیبهشت در باغ های مرکبات جهرم وجود دارد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

The spherical mealybug, Nipaecoccus viridis (Newstead) (Hem., Pseudococcidae), is a serious pest of citrus and other cultural and non-cultural plants in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. This pest was recorded from south of Iran, in Fars, Hormozgan and Khuzestan provinces. The damage of the pest increased high on citrus trees in Jahrom region of Fars-Iran at recent years. High reproductive potential and wide distribution of pest and problems of chemical control have led to a greater need for the use of natural enemies as IPM programs.In present investigation, possibility of biological control of N. viridids by Chrysoperla carnea (Neu., Chrysopidae) in citrus orchards of Jarom was studied during 2004-2005. First instar larvae of green lacewing, C. carnea, were released according to the layout plan. A Complete Randomized Block Design (CRBD) with six treatments and four replications was adopted. For better result, movements of ants on treated trees were prevented by special sticky band. Percentage of fruit infection was considered in the study. The overall results showed that the mealybug can be controlled biologically by green lacewing with three times release of larvae at April 30, May 10 and May 20 at rate of 500 larvae/tree.

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