سنتز پژوهی مطالعات حرفه ای گرایی در آموزش دانشجویان پزشکی
محورهای موضوعی : پژوهش در برنامه ریزی درسی
آرزو وسیلی
1
(
دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی برنامه ریزی درسی ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، اصفهان، ایران.
)
نرگس کشتی آرای
2
(
دانشیارگروه علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، اصفهان، ایران
)
علیرضا یوسفی
3
(
استاد ، مرکز تحقیقات آموزش علوم پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.
)
کلید واژه: آموزش پزشکان, دانشجوی پزشکی, حرفه ای گرایی, حرفه ای گرایی پزشکی,
چکیده مقاله :
این مطالعه با سنتز توأمان مطالعات داخلی و خارجی برای دستیابی به مفاهیم بیشتر و تازه‌تر دربارۀ حرفه‌ای‌گرایی در آموزش پزشکی صورت گرفته است. روش این مطالعه کیفی با رویکرد سنتز پژوهی بود. داده های مورد نیاز از طریق جستجو در منابع کتابخانه ای و مقالات موجود در پایگاه های اطلاعاتی ERIC, ProQuest, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, springer Magiran, Irandoc جمع‌آوری شد. برای جستجو در پایگاه های اطلاعاتی داخلی و خارجی از واژگان کلیدی پروفیشنالیزم، برنامۀ درسی، برنامۀ درسی حرفه‌ای‌گرایی و آموزش پزشکی استفاده شد. مقالات و منابع بررسی شده مربوط به سال‌های 1998 تا سال 2020 بود. در بررسی نهایی مرتبط‌ترین منابع شامل 53 مقاله بود که مورد بررسی و استخراج مطالب در راستای تحقق هدف مطالعۀ حاضر قرار گرفت. در کدگذاری داده‌ها از روش موضوعی استفاده شد. 270 مفهوم استخراج شد و در قالب 22 مفهوم هم‌دسته گردید . در نهایت مفاهیم هم‌دسته ذیل 6 مفهوم نهایی تعهد حرفه‌ای رفتارمحور، تعهد حرفه‌ای فضیلت‌محور، یادگیرندۀ مادام العمر، اخلاق‌مدار و قانون‌محور، منش حرفه‌ای و نوع برنامۀ درسی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که چنان‌چه در دوران کارورزی باورها و رفتارهای خاص حرفه‌ای در دانشجویان امروز نهادینه نشود، می‌تواند سبب کاهش حساسیت حرفه‌ای‌گرایی دانشجو شود و در نتیجه تصمیم‌گیری‌های حرفه‌ای را برای پزشکان آینده دشوار کند؛ بنابراین نقش آموزش رسمی پروفشنالیزم با در نظر گرفتن نقش برنامۀ درسی پنهان در این باره حائز اهمیت است.
This study has been done with a synthesis of both internal and external studies in order to achieve more and newer concepts regarding professionalism in medical education. The method of this study was synthesis research. The required data were collected by searching library resources and articles in ERIC, ProQuest, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, springer Magiran, and Irandoc databases. In order to search domestic and foreign databases, the keywords of professionalism, curriculum, professionalism curriculum, medical education were used. The articles and sources reviewed were from 1998 to 2020. In the final review, the most relevant sources included 53 articles that were reviewed and extracted in order to achieve the purpose of the present study. 270 concepts were extracted and grouped into 22 concepts. Finally, the concepts were categorized into the final 6 concepts of professional commitment, caring behavior, virtue-based professional commitment, lifelong learner, ethics and law-based, professional character and type of curriculum. The results show that if certain professional beliefs and behaviors are not institutionalized in today's students during the internship, it can reduce the sensitivity of students' professionalism and thus make professional decisions difficult for future physicians. Therefore, the role of formal education in professionalism is important in this regard, considering the role of the hidden curriculum.
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