مقایسه تأثیر آموزش رویکرد کلاس معکوس و درس‌پژوهی بر خلاقیت نگارشی دانشجو معلمان در درس نگارش خلاق
محورهای موضوعی : پژوهش در برنامه ریزی درسی
فاطمه جعفری کمانگر
1
(استادیار گروه زبان و ادبیات فارسی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، تهران، ایران.)
صمد ایزدی
2
(دانشیار دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران.)
غلامرضا پیروز
3
(دانشیار دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران.)
کلید واژه: کلاس معکوس, نگارش, خلاقیت, آموزش, درس پژوهی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف پژوهش حاضر، مقایسۀ دو روش سازنده‌گرا یعنی کلاس معکوس و درس‌پژوهی از نظر میزان افزایش خلاقیت نگارشی دانشجومعلمان در درس نگارش خلاق در پیش و پس از دریافت متغیر مستقل است. این پژوهش از نوع شبه‌آزمایشی و از نظر هدف کاربردی است. جامعۀ آماری این پژوهش، دانشجو معلمان رشتۀ آموزش ابتدایی دانشگاه فرهنگیان استان مازندران و نمونۀ آماری دو گروه 35 نفری همگن شده هستند. از بین ژانرهای نگارش خلاق چهار ژانر با مشورت صاحب‌نظران این حوزه انتخاب شد. عناصر مرتبط با هر ژانر، مطابق منابع مختلف شناسایی شد و به هر عنصر به نسبت اهمیتش در ژانر مربوطه ضریب وزن داده شد. نگارش در این چهار ژانر توسط هر دو گروه به‌صورت پیش‌آزمون و پس‌آزمون انجام شد و هر یک از عناصر در نوشته‌های دانشجومعلمان از منظر ملاک‌های خلاقیت تورنس یعنی سیالیت، اصالت، انعطاف و بسط مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت و نمره‌گذاری شد. نتایج حاصل با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SPSS26 به روش آمار استنباطی مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت و مقایسۀ نتایج پیش‌آزمون و پس‌آزمون در هر دو گروه نشان داد که روش کلاس معکوس و روش درس پژوهی بر هر دو گروه بهبود معناداری ایجاد کرده است و مقایسۀ دو روش با یکدیگر نشان داد که درس پژوهی در مقایسه با کلاس معکوس بر خلاقیت نگارشی دانشجو معلمان تأثیر معناداری داشته است.
One of the common goals of the education system worldwide is to make education more effective and more successful. Systematic and active learning methods are designed to achieve this educational goal; but proper use of this method in teaching the content of different courses is another issue that requires special research. The purpose of this study is to investigate the increase of student writing creativity in creative writing lessons before and after the independent variable and compare the results of teaching these two methods with the use of two constructivist methods: flip classroom and lesson study.This research is a causal-comparative and quasi-experimental research with a practical purpose. The statistical population of this study consisted of students of elementary education teachers of Farhangian University of Mazandaran and the statistical sample is two 35 member - matched groups. Amongst genres of creative writing, four genres were selected in consultation with experts in the field. The elements of each genre were identified according to different sources and each element was weighted relative to its importance in the relevent genre. Writing in these four genres was received as pre-test and post-test in both groups and each element in the student writings was analyzed and graded from the perspective of Torrance's creativity criteria of fluidity, authenticity, flexibility and expansion. The results were analyzed by SPSS software. Comparison of the pre-test and post-test results in both groups showed that the flip class method and the research method showed a significant improvement in both groups. And comparing the two methods with each other showed that the research lesson had a significant effect on the creativity of the students' writing compared to the flip class.
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