مدرسه‌درخانه؛ فرصت یا تهدید در نظام آموزشی ایران؟!

محورهای موضوعی : پژوهش در برنامه ریزی درسی

بهاره ُسلیمانی ¹ ( دانشجوی دکتری مطالعات برنامه درسی، دانشگاه علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران. )
مجید علی عسکری ² ( دانشیار گروه مطالعات برنامه درسی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران. )
علی حسینی خواه ³ ( استادیار گروه مطالعات برنامه درسی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران. )
محمد عطاران ⁴ ( دانشیار گروه مطالعات برنامه درسی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران. )

تاریخ دریافت : 1397/03/21 تاریخ پذیرش : 1398/07/16 تاریخ انتشار : 1399/02/01

کلید واژه: فرصت آموزشی, مدرسه‌درخانه, تهدید آموزشی, دلایل آموزشی, دلایل ارزشی,

چکیده مقاله :

این پژوهش با هدف بررسی مفهوم مدرسه‌درخانه، جایگاه آن در داخل و خارج از کشور و جنبه فرصت یا تهدید بودن آن در ایران انجام شد. برای دستیابی به این تبیین، با استفاده از روش سنتزپژوهی، جمعاً تعداد 127 پژوهش مورد مطالعه و بررسی قرار گرفت. پس‌ازآن، 95 اثر شامل کتاب، مقاله و پایان‌نامه؛ با روشی نظام‌مند انتخاب، واکاوی محتوایی و دسته‌بندی شدند. معیار انتخاب این مطالعات، بررسی مؤلفه‌های فوق طی سال‌های 2018-1976 برای 60 سند خارجی و 1396-1370 در 35 اثر داخلی بود. سپس ترکیبی از یافته‌های به‌دست‌آمده، طبق اصول تلفیق، بازاندیشی و بازآرایی داده‌ها ارائه شد. در پایان هر بخش نیز، تجمیع یافته‌ها و نتیجه‌گیری کلی، در صورت ضرورت ارائه شده است. نتایج نشان داد؛ به دلیل برخی عوامل آموزشی مانند کمبود امکانات، حافظه‌محوری، کمبود خلاقیت، کتاب‌محوری و... و نیز عوامل ارزشی از قبیل؛ تضاد ارزش‌های دینی و اجتماعی، توجه به علایق کودکان، دوست‌داشتنی‌بودن مدرسه‌درخانه و..، استفاده از این رویکرد یک فرصت آموزشی به شمار می‌آید؛ که بر ابعاد تهدیدزای آن مانند؛ عدم رسمیت قانونی، صرف وقت زیاد، کمبود ابزارهای کنترل و... برتری دارد. توجه به رویکردهای نوین آموزشی، شکستن انحصار آموزش رسمی و انجام پژوهش‌های کاربردی در این زمینه، به‌عنوان پیشنهاد ارائه شده است.

چکیده انگلیسی:

TThe purpose of this study was to investigate the concept of the homeschooling, its place inside and outside the country, and the aspect of the opportunity or threat thereof in Iran. To achieve this explanation, using a synthesis research methodology, a total of 127 studies were studied. Afterwards, 95 works including books, essays and theses were selected through systematic selection, content analysis and categorization. The criteria for selecting these studies were to study the above components for 1976-1976 for 60 external documents and 1991-2017 in 35 internal works. Then, a combination of findings was presented in accordance with the principles of integration, rethinking and re-mapping of data. At the end of each section, aggregate findings and general conclusions are presented as needed. The results showed that due to some educational factors such as lack of facilities, memory, lack of creativity, Axial book, etc., as well as value factors such as conflict of religious and social values, attention to the interests of children, the love of the homeschooling, and the use of This approach is an educational opportunity; it's over its threatening dimensions, such as lack of legalization, time consuming, lack of control tools, and so on. Considering the new educational approaches, breaking the monopoly of formal education and conducting applied research in this field, is presented as a suggestion.

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