"شما باید بدانید". چالش‌های تدریس خوب در متوسطه چیست؟
محورهای موضوعی : پژوهش در برنامه ریزی درسی
صادق زارع صفت
1
(دانشجوی دکتری برنامه‌ریزی درسی دانشکده روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی دانشگاه تهران)
کلید واژه: سمفونی تدریس و یادگیری, یاددهنده, یادگیرنده,
چکیده مقاله :
این پژوهش به‌صورت کیفی و با رویکردی پدیدارشناسانه سعی در واکاوی تجربه زیست‌شده یادگیرندگان از یاد دهندگان در تدریس خوب دارد. جامعه آماری در این پژوهش دانش‌آموزان متوسطه اول بود. داده‌های این پژوهش از طریق مصاحبه گروهی و همچنین مشارکت 75 نفر به دست آمد. یافته‌های این پژوهش نشان داد که یادگیرندگان مهارت‌های معلمان را به مقولاتی چون مهارت در تدریس (توضیح کافی و متنوع موضوع درسی، توجه به تکالیف درسی و متناسب، داشتن طرح درس و استفاده از تجهیزات و امکانات موجود برای تدریس بهتر) مهارت در مدیریت کلاس (استفاده مناسب از زمان مسئولیت‌پذیری معلم) مهارت دانشی (دانش تخصصی رشته تدریس) و صلاحیت‌های رفتاری شامل مقوله اخلاقی (خوش‌اخلاقی و صداقت، شوخ‌طبعی، انصاف و عدم تبعیض میان دانش‌آموزان) و مقوله تعاملی (نحوه تعامل و احترام به دانش‌آموز) تقسیم‌بندی نمودند. همچنین از منظر آنان صلاحیت‌های اخلاقی و رفتاری بر سایر مهارت‌ها ترجیح دارد و معلمانی را که در رفتار خود به دانش‌آموزان احترام گذاشته و به آوا و صدای آنان در این سمفونی گوش فرا دهند، موردتوجه قرار می‌دهند.
This qualitative study with a phenomenological approach to the analysis of the lived experience of teachers in teaching learners is good. The population in this study was the first high school students. Data for this study were collected through group interviews, as well as the participation of 75 people. The findings showed that teachers' learning skills such topics as teaching skills (sufficient explanation and diverse subject matter, according to the paperwork and proportionate, having a lesson plan and the use of better equipment and facilities available for teaching) skills Classroom management (good use of time of personnel responsible teacher) knowledge skills (specialist knowledge to teach discipline) and behavioral competencies, including ethics (moral good and honesty, humor, fairness and non-discrimination among students) and interactive category (interaction and Respect for the students) were divided. Also in terms of competence and ethical behavior on other skills preferred and respected teachers in their behavior to students and pay attention to the e sound of the symphony to listen.
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