مطالعه نقش هوش هیجانی، سبک زندگی و سلامت معنوی در شادکامی
محورهای موضوعی : سلامت
1 - دانشیار گروه مشاوره، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران.
کلید واژه: شادکامی, هوش هیجانی, سبک زندگی, سلامت معنوی,
چکیده مقاله :
شادکامی از جمله متغیرهای مورد علاقه روان‌شناسانی است که توانمندی‌ها و جنبه‌های مثبت انسانی را مورد مطالعه قرار می‌دهند. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی نقش پیش‌بینی‌کننده هوش هیجانی، سبک زندگی و سلامت معنوی در شادکامی انجام شد. روش پژوهش توصیفی و از نوع همبستگی و جامعه آماری شامل مردم استان چهارمحال و بختیاری بود. تعداد 532 نفر در محدود سنی 18 تا 65 سال پرسشنامه‌های اعتباریابی شده را تکمیل کردند که شامل پرسشنامه شادکامی آکسفورد (Hills & Argyle, 2002)، هوش هیجانی (Petrides and Furenham, 2000) سبک زندگی(Miller & Smith, 1988) و سلامت معنوی (Paloutzian & Ellison, 1979) بود. جهت تحلیل داده‌های پژوهش از رگرسیون چند متغیره به شیوه گام به گام استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد متغیرهای پیش‌بین در مجموع 1/44 از واریانس شادکامی را تبیین می‌کنند. هوش هیجانی (001/0=P و 49/0-=β)، سبک زندگی (001/0=P و 19/0-=β)، سلامت معنوی (03/0=P و 07/0-=β)، و جنسیت (001/0=P و 15/0-=β) می‌توانند شادکامی را پیش‌بینی کنند. به طور کلی نتایج بیانگر اهمیت هوش هیجانی، سبک زندگی، سلامت معنوی و جنسیت در پیش‌بینی شادکامی بود. استراتژی‌های روا‌ن درمانی می‌توانند با هدف قرار دادن این جنبه‌ها به افزایش شادکامی در افراد کمک نمایند.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Happiness is one of the favorite variables of psychologists who study human abilities and positive aspects. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive role of emotional intelligence, lifestyle and spiritual health in happiness. The research method was descriptive and correlational. Statistical Population included the people of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. A total of 532 people in the 18- to 65-year-old age group in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province completed a range of validated questionnaires, including the Oxford Happiness Questionnair (2002), Petrides and Furenham Emotional Intelligence (2000), Miller and Smith Lifestyle Scale (1988), and Paloutzian & Ellison Spiritual Health Questionnaire (1979). Multiple linear regression in stepwise manner was used to analyze the research data. Results showed that the model is able to predict 44/1% of the variance of happiness. Regression coefficients indicate that emotional intelligence (β = 0.49, P = 0.001), lifestyle (β = 0.16; P = 0.001), spiritual health (β = 0.07; P = 0.001) and gender (β = 0.15; P = 0.001) are able to predict the variance of happiness. In general, the results showed the importance of emotional intelligence, lifestyle, spiritual health and gender in predicting happiness. Psychotherapy strategies can help increase happiness in people by targeting these aspects.
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Florez, I. A., Allbaugh, L. J., Harris, C. E., Schwartz, A. C., & Kaslow, N. J. (2018). Suicidal ideation and hopelessness in PTSD: spiritual well-being mediates outcomes over time. Anxiety, Stress, & Coping, 31(1), 46-58.
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Gerdtham, U.-G., & Johannesson, M. (2001). The relationship between happiness, health, and socio-economic factors: results based on Swedish microdata. The Journal of Socio-Economics, 30(6), 553-557.
Ghahramani, S., Jahromi, A. T., Khoshsoroor, D., Seifooripour, R., & Sepehrpoor, M. (2019). The relationship between emotional intelligence and happiness in medical students. Korean journal of medical education, 31(1), 29.
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Hajihasani, M., & Sim, T. (2019). Marital satisfaction among girls with early marriage in Iran: Emotional intelligence and religious orientation. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 24(3), 297-306.
Hills, P., & Argyle, M. (2002). The Oxford Happiness Questionnaire: a compact scale for the measurement of psychological well-being. Personality and individual differences, 33(7), 1073-1082.
Janjani, P., Momeni, Kh., Karami, J. (2015). The relationship between social security and life style with life quality and happiness of the women in Kermanshah. Journal of Clinical Research in Paramedical Sciences, 3(4), 247-256. [Persian].
Jazayeri, S., Delavar, A., Dortaj, F. (2018). Developing a model of happiness based on personality traits, emotional intelligence, attachment style, voluntary activities and demographic characteristics. Counseling Culture and Psychotherapy, 9(35), 27-56. [Persian].
Joseph, S., Linley, P. A., Harwood, J., Lewis, C. A., & McCollam, P. (2004). Rapid assessment of well‐being: The short depression‐happiness scale (SDHS). Psychology and psychotherapy: Theory, research and practice, 77(4), 463-478.
Kalhori, R. P., Ziapour, A., Kianipour, N., & Foroughinia, A. (2017). A study of the relationship between lifestyle and happiness of students at Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences over 2015–2016. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, 10(4), 1004- 1009. [Persian].
Kelly, J. F., & Eddie, D. (2020). The role of spirituality and religiousness in aiding recovery from alcohol and other drug problems: An investigation in a national U.S. sample. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 12(1), 116–123.
Kheirjoo, E., Jomehri, F., Ahadi, H., & Manisefat, F. F. (2013). Comparison of health promoting lifestyle of female rheumatoid arthritis patients with healthy women and it's relationship with demographic factors. Knowledge & Research in Applied Psychology, 12(4), 61-4. [Persian].
khodaveisi, M., Baiat, M., Amini, R., & Roshanaei, Q. (2017). The corollation on general health and Spiritual health ofnursing studentsin Universityof Hamedan Medical Sciences in 2016. Avicenna J Nurs Midwifery Care, 25(3), 7, 29-36. [Persian].
Kim, K. H., Kwon, H. J., Choi, M. H., Park, Y. J., & Kim, S. K. (2010). Psychological and Spiritual Factors Associated with Death Anxiety of Elderly People Living at Home. Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 19(1), 96-105.
Kjell, O., Daukantaité, D., Hefferon, K., & Sikström, S. (2014). Harmony in Life Scale Complements the Satisfaction with Life Scale Expanding the Conceptualization and Measurement of the Cognitive Component of Subjective Well-Being. Paper presented at the 7th European Conference on Positive Psychology 2014.
Koenig, H. G. (2009). Research on religion, spirituality, and mental health: A review. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 54(5), 283-291.
Mattingly, V., & Kraiger, K. (2019). Can emotional intelligence be trained? A meta-analytical investigation. Human Resource Management Review, 29(2), 140-155.
Michaelson, V., Brooks, F., Jirásek, I., Inchley, J., Whitehead, R., King, N., Walsh, S., Davison, C., Mazur, J., & Pickett, W. (2016). Developmental patterns of adolescent spiritual health in six countries. SSM-population health, 2, 294-303.
Miller, L., & Smith, A.D. (1988). The miller-smith lifestyle assessment inventory. Bookline: Biobehavioral Associates.
Milner, K., Crawford, P., Edgley, A., Hare-Duke, L., & Slade, M. (2020). The experiences of spirituality among adults with mental health difficulties: a qualitative systematic review. Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences, 29(34), 1-10.
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