مروری بر پتانسیل‌‌های نانوساختارهای فلزی- آلی در ایمنی مواد ‌غذ

محورهای موضوعی : زیست شناسی

محمدعلی قاسم زاده ¹ (دانشیار، گروه شیمی، واحد قم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قم، ایران)
ریحانه موقاری ² (کارشناسی، گروه شیمی، واحد قم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قم، ایران.)
فاطمه باقری ³ (کارشناسی، گروه شیمی، واحد قم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قم، ایران.)

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/08/20 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/12/22 تاریخ انتشار : 1400/01/01

کلید واژه: ایمنی مواد غذایی, بسته‌بندی مواد غذایی, نانو متخلخل, چارچوب‌های فلزی- آلی,

چکیده مقاله :

هدف: ایمنی مواد غذایی، همواره یک چالش بزرگ جهانی برای سلامت انسان بوده است. تمایل به پایداری، بهبود ایمنی محصولات و استانداردهای بالای کیفیت در همه‌‌ی زمینه‌‌های علوم زیستی از جمله صنایع غذایی همواره حائز اهمیت بوده که این امر نیازمند نظارت دقیق در سراسر زنجیره‌‌ی تأمین مواد غذایی می‌‌باشد. در این حوزه، بسته‌بندی مناسب مواد غذایی در صنعت، پایه‌‌ای برای حفظ مناسب کیفیت و ایمنی در مواد غذایی است. اما علی‌رغم تلاش صنعت برای تولید محصولاتی ایمن، محصولات غذایی ممکن است در طول فرآیند، آلوده شوند یا از مواد اولیه و خام آلوده تهیه گردند. بنابراین، برای حل مشکلات مربوط به ایمنی غذا، استراتژی‌‌های متعددی اندیشیده و طراحی شده که در میان این رویکردها، استفاده از چارچوب‌‌های فلزی- آلی (MOFs)، فرصتی نو برای تضمین کیفیت و ایمنی مواد غذایی است. چارچوب‌‌های فلزی- آلی به عنوان دسته‌‌ای کاربردی از مواد نانو متخلخل، دارای خواص فیزیکی و شیمیایی منحصر به‌‌فردی هستند که وعده‌‌هایی را در برنامه‌‌ی ایمنی مواد غذایی نشان می‌‌دهند. این دسته از مواد، اخیراً توجه زیادی را به خود جلب کرده و راه خود را در صنایع مختلف از جمله صنایع غذایی باز نموده و پتانسیل بالایی را برای توسعه کاربردی در آن به نمایش گذاشته‌‌اند. پژوهش حاضر تلاش دارد با مروری مختصر درباره استفاده از چارچوب‌‌های فلزی- آلی در صنایع غذایی، در سه زیرمجموعه بسته‌‌بندی، نگهداری و پاک‌‌سازی به معرفی این فناوری پرداخته و به کاربردهای آنها در این صنعت و امتیازاتی که در سایه‌‌ی استفاده از این مواد حاصل می‌شود، بپردازد. یافته‌ها:MOFها پتانسیل هیجان‌انگیزی را در زمینه ایمنی مواد غذایی به نمایش گذاشته‌ و همه کارایی خود را از طریق توانایی استفاده در بخش‌‌های مختلف فرآیند نشان داده‌اند. موادMOF نوظهور یا MOFهای مبتنی بر مواد کامپوزیتی به عنوان یک پوشش کاربردی در بسته‌بندی هوشمند مواد غذایی، برای آزادسازی کنترل شده مواد نگهدارنده و نظارت بر ایمنی مواد غذایی مورد توجه قرار گرفته‌‌اند. بنابراین، نیاز است این مواد که دارای خواص جذب و پایداری عالی هستند، بیشتر برای کاربرد در بسته‌‌بندی پرورش یابند. همچنینMOF ها ثابت کرده‌اند که در از بین بردن مواد خطرناک در زنجیره تأمین مواد غذایی، موثر هستند. لذا، نیاز به سنتز MOFهای چند منظوره جدید برای حذف آلاینده‌ها ضروری می‌باشد. در حالی که MOFها یک ماده امیدوارکننده برای کمک به بهبود ایمنی مواد غذایی، در مراحل مختلف زنجیره غذایی هستند، اما کنترل دقیق بر اندازه و حجم منافذ این چارچوب‌‌ها برای کاربردهای خاص، هنوز یک چالش می‌باشد. بنابراین، نیاز است توجه بیشتری به دستیابی MOFهای با کیفیت بالا جهت استفاده در ایمنی مواد غذایی انجام شود. همچنین در خصوص سمّیت MOFها بایستی تحقیقات بیشتری صورت گیرد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Background:Food safety has always been a major global challenge for human health. The demand for sustainability, product safety improvement and high quality standards have always been important in all areas of the biological sciences such as the food industry, which requires close monitoring and continuously throughout the food supply chain. In this area, the suitable and satisfactory food packaging in the industry is the basis for maintaining and preserving proper and suitable quality and safety in food. Despite the industry's efforts to produce safe products, food products may become contaminated during the process or from contaminated raw materials. Therefore, to solve the problems and defects related to food safety, several strategies and approaches have been considered and designed. Among various pathways the use of metal-organic frameworks is a new opportunity and challenges to ensure the quality and safety of food. Metal-organic frameworks are known as fundamental class of porous nonmaterial which has unique physical and chemical properties promising in a food safety program. These nanoporus materials have recently attracted a lot of attentions and have found their way into various industries, including the food industry, and have shown great potential for practical development because of a wide range of applications in diverse fields. This article tries to emphasize and introduce this technology with a brief overview of the use of metal-organic frameworks in the food industry in three subsets of packaging, storage and cleaning, and their applications in this industry and the advantages and benefits which come with using it. Results: In summary, it can be said that MOFs have shown exciting potential in the field of food safety and have shown all their efficiency through the ability to be used in different parts of the process. Emerging MOFs or composite-based MOFs have been considered as a practical coating in intelligent food packaging, for the controlled release of preservatives and to monitor food safety. Therefore, these materials need to have excellent adsorption and stability properties; Be further developed for use in packaging. MOFs have also been shown to be effective in eliminating hazardous substances in the food supply chain. Therefore, the need to synthesize new multifunctional MOFs to remove contaminants is essential. Finally, while MOFs are a promising substance to help improve food safety at various stages of the food chain; However, precise control of the pore size and volume of these frameworks for specific applications is still a challenge, so more attention needs to be paid to achieving high quality MOFs for use in food safety. Further research is also needed on the toxicity of MOFs.  

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