تحلیلی بر روش‌های سنجش آسیب‌پذیری در محیط‌زیست ساحلی

محورهای موضوعی : آب و محیط زیست

طهورا دهشور ¹ (دانشجوی دکتری محیط‌زیست، گروه ارزیابی و آمایش محیط‌زیست، دانشکده محیط‌زیست و انرژی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.)
افشین دانه کار ² (دانشیارگروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، واحد کرج.)
مسعود منوری ³ (استادیار گروه ارزیابی و برنامه‌ریزی کاربری اراضی، دانشکده محیط زیست و انرژی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران)
برهان ریاضی ⁴ (استادیار گروه تنوع زیستی، دانشکده محیط زیست و انرژی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران)
مسعود خیرخواه زرکش ⁵ (استادیار گروه GIS و سنجش از راه دور، دانشگده محیط زیست و انرژی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1392/02/25 تاریخ پذیرش : 1392/08/09 تاریخ انتشار : 1393/01/01

کلید واژه: مناطق ساحلی, تنش, آسیب‌پذیری, محیط‌زیست ساحلی, مناطق حساس ساحلی,

چکیده مقاله :

این تحقیق تلاش دارد ضمن انعکاس سوابق و رویه های نوین تعیین آسیب پذیری و تنش هایی که منجر به ایجاد آسیب پذیری در محیط های طبیعی و بویژه مناطق ساحلی می شوند، مناسب ترین رویکرد را برای تصمیم گیری مدیریتی مناطق ساحلی پیشنهاد نماید. این مطالعه با تحلیل 49 تحقیق در خصوص تعیین میزان آسیب پذیری (70% مربوط به مناطق ساحلی)، 69 تحقیق در ارتباط با بررسی تنش ها حدود (70% ساحلی) و 10 تحقیق در ارتباط با بررسی منابع و مناطق حساس ساحلی به انجام رسید. این بررسی نشان داد در میان روش های مختلف تعیین آسیب پذیری پرکاربردترین روش، روش CVI [1] است، در محاسبه این روش هم متغیرها و هم تنش ها دخیل هستند. از میان تنش ها بالا آمدن سطح آب دریا و تغییرات تراز آب بیش از سایر تنش ها در پژوهش های صورت گرفته مورد استفاده قرار گرفته است، اما برخی تنش های دیگر مانند باران های نامنظم و کمیاب، سدسازی و برخی تنش های دیگر فقط در یک پژوهش مورد استفاده قرارگرفته اند؛ بنابراین می توان نتیجه گرفت تنش هایی که بیش تر مورد استفاده قرار گرفته اند اهمیت بیش تری برای محاسبه آسیب پذیری دارند. همچنین در بین منابع حساسیت در قسمت اکولوژیک معیار بکر بودن (طبیعی بودن) و در قسمت غیراکولوژیک معیار اقتصادی (زیر معیار وابستگی اقتصادی و منافع) بیش ترین درصد فراوانی را داراست، بنابراین این منابع حساسیت که در پژوهش مختلف بیش تر مورد استفاده قرار گرفته اند برای محاسبه حساسیت، اهمیت فراوان تری دارند. 6- Coastal Vulnerability Index

چکیده انگلیسی:

This research wants to reflect the results and methods of pervious researches in natural places and coastal areas and tries to find best method for decision making in coastal areas of Iran. This research has been done by investigating 49 researches about vulnerability which 70% of them were about vulnerability evaluation in coastal areas and 69 researches was about the stresses and 10 researches was about sensitive areas. Among various methods the most useful method is CVI. In this method both variables and stresses are used.  This survey also showed that sees level rise is the most used stress and Irregular and scarce rainfall and construction of dams is tow stresses that used only in one research. So stresses that used more than the others are more important. The survey also showed that among sensitivity resources, ecological criteria and economical criteria have the highest frequency. So for calculating sensitivity each sensitivity resources that used more than the others are more important

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