بررسی اثربخشی آموزش محیط‌زیست بر نگرش و آگاهی‌افزایی محیط‌زیستی در دانش‌آموزان مقطع پیش‌دبستانی

محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت ، برنامه ریزی و آموزش محیط زیست

افسانه عسگری پور ¹ , محمدجواد امیری ² , سمانه رحیمی ³

1 - کارشناسی ارشد آموزش محیط‌زیست، دانشکده محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران * (مسوول مکاتبات).
2 - استادیارگروه برنامه ریزی، مدیریت و آموزش محیط‌زیست، دانشکده محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
3 - دکتری برنامه ریزی محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/02/07 تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/09/22 تاریخ انتشار : 1399/04/01

کلید واژه: آگاهی افزایی محیط‌زیستی, نگرش محیط‌زیستی, دانش‌آموزان پیش دبستانی, آموزش محیط‌زیست,

چکیده مقاله :

زمینه و هدف: بسیاری از تهدیدات محیط‌زیستی، پیامد رفتار انسانی است و تنها تغییر در رفتار انسانی می‌تواند این مشکلات محیط‌زیستی را کاهش‌دهد. آموزش محیط‌زیست می‌تواند به تغییر رفتارها سرعت بخشد و تعهد نسبت به طبیعت را افزایش دهد. روش بررسی: پژوهش حاضر تلاش دارد تا به بررسی اثربخشی آموزش محیط‌زیست بر نگرش و آگاهی افزایی محیط‌زیستی کودکان پسر پیش‌دبستانی شهر ملایر بپردازد. درابتدا 22 دانش‌آموز به روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند چند مرحله‌ای از مراکز پیش‌دبستانی شهر ملایر در سال تحصیلی 93-94 انتخاب شدند و در دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل تخصیص تصادفی یافتند. در ابتدا از هر دو گروه یک پیش‌آزمون گرفته شد تا سطح آگاهی و نیاز دانش‌آموزان سنجیده شود در ادامه آموزش‌های محیط‌زیستی در طول چهار جلسه برای گروه آزمایش ارایه داده شد. در پایان نیز با گرفتن پس‌آزمون از هر دو گروه و تحلیل آماری هردو آزمون به بررسی میزان اثربخشی آموزش محیط‌زیستی پرداخته شد. یافته ها: نتایج آزمون t-testنشان داد در سطح 1% خطا بین نمرات پیش‌آزمون و پس‌آزمون گروه کنترل و آزمایش در آگاهی نسبت به محیط‌زیست ( 00/0 sig = 79/15- t =) و نگرش محیط‌زیستی ( 00/0 sig = 80/17- t =) تفاوت معناداری وجود دارد. بحث و نتیجه گیری: یافته‌ها بر این امر تاکید دارند که آموزش محیط‌زیستی، نقش مهمی در بهبود نگرش و آگاهی محیط‌زیستی در سنین پایه دارد. از این رو این آموزش‌ها می‌توانند به‌عنوان راهکار پیشگیری از تخریب محیط‌زیست مورد توجه قرار گیرند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Background and Objective: Many environmental threats are the consequences of human behaviors and just the change in human behavior can reduce this environmental problem. The environmental education is one of the best ways to change these bad behaviors toward the environment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of environmental education on attitudes and increasing environmental awareness of preschool boys of Malayer city. Method: First 22 students were selected and assigned to experimental and control groups, respectively. After environmental education, the test of both groups and statistical analysis was performed both tests to evaluate the effectiveness of environmental education. Findings: The results of t-test with 1% error showed significant difference between pre-test and post-test in both groups (control group and exam group) in awareness of the environment (t= -15/79   sig= 0/00) and environmental attitudes (t= -17/80   sig= 0/00). Discussion and Conclusion: Therefore final results are insisted that age-appropriate environmental education have vital role in improving the environmental attitude and knowledge. So this training can be considered as a preventive strategy of environmental degradation.

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