بررسی جایگاه آموزش در مدیریت پسماند خانگی
محورهای موضوعی : پسماندمینا مکی آل آقا 1 , فائزه فاضلی 2 , شیما صراحتی 3
1 - دانشیار گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد رودهن. * (مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - دانشیارگروه محیط زیست، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی.
3 - کارشناس ارشد محیط زیست.
کلید واژه: پسماند خانگی, تفکیک زباله, مشارکت مردم, آموزش.,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: مدیریت پسماند خانگی به دلیل تاثیر آلودگی پسماندهای شهری بر سلامتی انسان و محیط زیست اهمیت دارد. ارتقاء مدیریت پسماندهای شهری با در نظر گرفتن نقش مردم امکان پذیر است. از این رو شناخت وضعیت موجود و بررسی میزان علاقمندی، مشارکت و آموزش مردم برای رسیدن به وضعیت مطلوب ضروری می نماید.
روش بررسی: این پژوهش با استفاده از پرسش نامه به تعیین و تجزیه و تحلیل مولفه های اصلی در مورد میزان آشنایی (شهروندان شهرداری منطقه 13 تهران) با مسایل مدیریت پسماندهای خانگی پرداخته است.
یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد که بسیاری از مردم با مفهوم و ویژگی های پسماند خانگی و تفکیک از مبدا آشنایی ندارند. به نظر می رسد از طریق تبلیغات در رسانه ها و آموزش به کودکان و نوجوانان در مدارس، مردم بیشتر می توانند با مفاهیم فوق و مشارکت در تفکیک پسماند خانگی آشنا شوند. همچنین نقش زنان نیز در تفکیک پسماند بسیار مهم است. از جمله عواملی که مانع همکاری مردم با اجرای طرح تفکیک پسماندهای خانگی می شود را می توان عدم آگاهی و آموزش،کمبود امکانات و نبودن انگیزه مالی برشمرد. علاوه بر این استفاده از ابزارهای مالی مانند خرید زباله های تفکیک شده و اخذ جریمه از مشاغل آلاینده نیز می تواند مردم را به تفکیک پسماندهای خطرناک خانگی تشویق نماید.
بحث و نتيجه گيري: در جمع آوری پسماندهای خانگی مشارکت مردم بخصوص زنان نقش مهمی دارد. عدم آموزش کافی و آشنا نبودن با مفهوم و ویژگی پسماند خانگی از عوامل مهمی هستند که مانع همکاری مردم با اجرای طرح تفکیک پسماندهای خطرناک خانگی است.
Background and Objective: Household waste management because of waste contamination effect on human health and the environment is important. Improving municipal waste management is virtually impossible with regard to the role of the people Therefore, it is necessary to understand the current situation and to evaluate the level of interest and participation of the people to achieve the desired situation.
Material and Methodology: This study used a questionnaire to assess the citizens’ (district 13 of Tehran municipality) awareness of household waste management issues. Then it has determined the main components.
Findings: The results showed that many people are not familiar with the concept and characteristics of household waste and separation from the source. It seems that through media advertising and educating children and adolescents in schools, people can become more familiar with the above concepts and participate in household waste separation. Also, the role of women in waste separation is very important. Lack of awareness and education, facilities and financial incentives could be the factors prevent people from cooperating with the implementation of the household waste separation plan. In addition, the use of financial tools such as the purchase of separated waste and fines for polluting business can encourage people to separate hazardous household waste.
Discussion and Conclusion: The participation of people, especially women, plays an important role in collection of household waste. Insufficient education and unfamiliarity with the household waste concept and characteristic causes people to not cooperate with the hazardous household waste separation plan.
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