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  • بررسی غلظت فلزات سنگین روی، سرب و کادمیوم در برنج عرضه شده در بازار مصرف شهر همدان

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کد مقاله : JEST-1612-3260 (R2) بازدید : 130 صفحه: 13 - 22

10.22034/jest.2020.16352.3260

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

بررسی غلظت فلزات سنگین روی، سرب و کادمیوم در برنج عرضه شده در بازار مصرف شهر همدان

محورهای موضوعی : آلودگی های محیط زیست (آب، خاک و هوا)

شیما اکبری 1 , مهرداد چراغی 2

1 - دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد آلودگی های محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد همدان، ایران.
2 - دانشیار گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد همدان، ایران* (مسوول مکاتبات).

تاریخ دریافت : 1395/10/07 تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/02/20 تاریخ انتشار : 1398/08/01

کلید واژه: فلز سنگین, برنج, همدان, امنیت غذایی,

چکیده مقاله :

چکیده زمینه و هدف: با توجه به اهمیت موضوع این پژوهش با هدف بررسی عناصر روی، سرب و کادمیوم در محصول برنج عرضه شده در بازار مصرف شهر همدان در سال 1394 انجام یافت. روش بررسی: بدین منظور از 10 نوع محصول برنج موجود در بازار سطح شهر همدان نمونه برداری مطابق روش استاندارد انجام شد. پس از انجام مراحل آماده سازی نمونه‌ها به روش هضم اسیدی، غلظت عناصر در آن ها توسط دستگاه نشر اتمی قرائت شد. پردازش آماری داده ها نیز توسط نرم افزار SPSS انجام یافت. یافته ها: نتایج بیان گر آن بود که کمینه و بیشینه میانگین غلظت عناصر در نمونه های برنج بر حسب میلی گرم در کیلوگرم برای روی با 0002/0±0862/0 و 00781/0±02/1 به ترتیب مربوط به برنج B و C، برای سرب با 00529/0±226/0 و 00529/0±894/4 به ترتیب مربوط به برنج A و H و برای کادمیوم با 001/0± 006/0 و 00436/0± 043/0 به ترتیب مربوط به برنج H و A می باشد. همچنین نتایج بیان گر اختلاف معنی دار آماری میانگین غلظت تجمع یافته فلزات سنگین در نمونه‌های برنج عرضه شده در بازار مصرف شهر همدان با رهنمود WHO می باشد، به طوری که میانگین غلظت عناصر روی و کادمیوم کم تر و میانگین غلظت عنصر سرب بیش تر از حد مجاز می باشد. بحث و نتیجه گیری: در نهایت می توان عنوان کرد گرچه در حال حاضر محصول برنج مصرفی شهر همدان در معرض آلودگی بیش از حد مجاز به فلز سنگین سرب می باشد، تماس بیش از حد با سرب می تواندمنجر به بیماری های غیرمنتظره، مشکلات روانی و رفتاری گردد و تبعات بهداشتی غیر قابل جبرانی را نیز برای مصرف کنندگان به دنبال داشته باشد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Background and Objective: Considering the significance of the issue, this research was performed to study the elements of Zn, Pb and Cd in the rice products available in the markets of Hamedan in 1394. Method: Accordingly, ten types of that rice were sampled through a standard method. After passing the preparation stages of the samples by acidic digestion method, the concentration of elements was read in Atomic Emission Device. Spss was applied to process the statistical data. Findings: The results indicated that the minimum and maximum average of element concentration in rice samples (according to mlg/kg) were as the following: for Zink with 0.0862±0.0002 and 1.02±0.00781 in B rice and C respectively, for Lead with 0.226±0.00529 and 4.894±0.00529 in A and H rice, and for Cadmium with 0.006±0.001 and 0.043±0.00436 in H and A. The results also showed meaningful, statistical deviation of accumulated concentration average of heavy metals in rice samples available in the markets of Hamedan through WHO. Concentration averages of Zinc and Cadmium are less while concentration average of Lead is more than permissible level. Discussion and Conclusion: Finally, it can be stated that the rice product which is being consumed in Hamedan is exposed to Lead pollution which is more than permissible level and it can cause psychological and behavioral problems and health consequences which cannot be compensated.

منابع و مأخذ:


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    30.

 

 

 

_||_

  1. Karimian, N, (1992), Soil Chemistry, Vol. 1 of Basics, Tehran: University Press Publishing Center (IN PERSIAN).
    2.
  2. Massa Nadia, Andreucci, Flora, Poli, Monica, Aceto, Maurizio, Barbato, Roberto, Berta, Graziella. (2010). screening for heavy metals accumulator s among stautochtonous plants in apolluted sitein Italy, Ecotoxicology and Environmental safety, 73, 1988-1997.
    3.
  3. Zarban, A, (1991). The Study of Zinc Concentration in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis, Master's Degree in Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. (In Persian)
    4.
  4. Karbasi, M., Karbasi, A., Saremi, A., Ghorbanizadehkharazi, H. (2010). The Study of the Concentration of Heavy Elements in the Drinking Water Supply Resources of Alashatar city in 2009, Journal of Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Vol. 12, No.1, pp. 65-70. (In Persian)
    5.
  5. Channey, R.L, 1980, Health risks associated with toxic metals in municipal sludge, Science Publication, Inc, pp. 48-59.
    6.
  6. Fathi, Gh., & Gholizadeh, A. (2009), The Effect of Iron, Zinc and Cu Low-Consumption Fertilizers on the Growth and Yield of Barley Cultivars in Khuzestan Climate, Journal of Plant Physiology, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp: 21-48. (In Persian)
    7.
  7. Rezaeian Attar, F., Hesari, J. (2013), The Study of contamination of imported rice in the city of Tabriz to metal contaminants of cadmium, lead and arsenic, Journal of Food Industry Researches, Vol. 23, No. 4, pp: 581-594. (In Persian)
    8.
  8. Bhattacharya, P. (2009). Accumulation of Arsenic and its distribution in Rice plant in Gangetic West Bengal, India, paddy water Environ, DOI, 10.1007/s10333-009-018.
    9.
  9. Parvizai Mosaed, A. H. (2011). The Comparison of lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic heavy metals concentration in the rice of Isfahan, Lorestan and imported rice. M.S thesis in Environmental Economics, Faculty of Environmen, Tehran University, p. 87. (In Persian)
    10.
  10. Khodabandeh, N. (2005). Grains, 5th edition, Tehran University Press. (In Persian)
    11.
  11. Hedayatifar, R., Fallahi, A., Birjandi, M. (2010), Lead and cadmium measurements from the high consuming rice samples in Lorestan province and comparing it with national standards, Journal of Medical Sciences University of Lorestan, Vol.12, No. 4, pp.15-22. (In Persian)
    12.
  12. Matinfar, E, & Maleki, A. (2006), Investigating the Status of Heavy Elements in Water, Soil and Rice Products of Khorramabad Rice Fields, the First Regional Water Conference. (In Persian)
    13.
  13. Samarghandi, M. (2000). Investigation of the amount of heavy metals in cultivated vegetables with contaminated waters with these metals in the suburbs of Hamadan in 1996. Sabzevar Journal of Medical Sciences (Asrar). Vol. 7, No. 1, pp.43-54. (In Persian)
    14.
  14. Hodgson, E. (2004). The textbook of modern toxicology, 3th ed., John Wiley and Sons Inc. New Jersey, pp. 51-54.
    15.
  15. Kabata-Pendias, A., Pendias, H, (2001). Trace elements in soils and plants. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton, Florida, USA, 413p.
    16.
  16. Allen, H.E, Perdue, E.M, Brown D. (1993). Metals in Ground Water, Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, Florida, pp. 134-146.
    17.
  17. Soon, Y.K, Abboud, S. (1993). Cadmium, Chromium, Lead and Nickel, Lewis Publishers, Chelsea, MI, pp. 103-107.
    18.
  18. Skujins, S. (1998). Handbook for ICP-AES (Varıan-Vista). A short guide to vista series ICP-AES operation.Varian Int. AGşZug.Version 1.0. pp 29. Switzerland..
    19.
  19. Mausi, G, Simiyu, G, Lutta, S. (2014). Assessment of selected heavy metal concenteration in Eldoret town, Kenya. Environment and Earth Science, 4(3).
    20.
  20. Cui, Y.J., Zhu, Y.G., Zhai, R., Huang, Y., Qiu, Y., Liang, J., (2005). Exposure to metal mixtures and human health impacts in a contaminated area in Nanning, China. Environment International 31, 784-790.
    21.
  21. Rashida, N. (2011). Determination of the intensity of Soil and water Contamination with heavy metals in Savadkooh Region, Mazandaran Province, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan. (In Persian)
    22.
  22. Hoodaji, M. Jalalian.A.2004. The reviews levels of cadmium and lead in rice Karbala the north of Iran. Science and Technology of Agriculture and natural resource, the eighth year, Number the sixth.
    23.
  23. Zazouli, MA, Shokrzadeh M, Izanloo H and Fathi S. (2008). Cadmium content in rice and its daily intake in Ghaemshahr region of Iran. African Journal of Biotechnology, 7: 3686-3689.
    24.
  24. Gupta, N., Khan, D. K., Santra, S.C. (2012), Heavy metal accumulation in vegetables grown in a long term waste water irrigated agricultural land of tropical, India, Environ Monit Assess, 184, 6673-6682.
    25.
  25. Zhan, J. X., Shu, Q. L., Yan, L. L. Yong, L.Y. (2011). Health risk assessment of heavy metals for edible part of vegetables grown in sewage irrigated soils in suburans of Baoding City, China, Environ Monit Assess, , 184. 3503-3513.
    26.
  26. Yamily, J, Zohan, M, Arsenic in Rice (Estimating Normal Levels of Total Arsenic in Rice Grain) , 2008.
    27.
  27. Tarn, Lin,H, Wong,S, Chen li, G, Heavy Metal content of Rice and Shellfish in Taiwan, Journal of food and Drug Analysis, 2004, 12(2), pp, 167-174.
    28.
  28. Ismaili, A. (2002), Heavy Metals Absorption by Minerals and Industrial Wastes, Thesis, Faculty of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences. (In Persian)
    29.
  29. Nazemi, S., Asgari, A., Raei, M. (2010). Investigating the amount of heavy metals in grown vegetable in the suburbs of Shahroud, Journal of Health and Environment, No. 2, pp. 195-202. (In Persian)
    30.

 

 

 

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