جداسازی وغربال گری قارچ های هالوفیل اختیاری تولید کننده آنزیم های صنعتی از پارک های جنگلی تهران
محدثه لاری پور
1
(
دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال
)
انسیه کارگر فراغه
2
(
کارشناس ارشد بیوتکنولوژی میکروبی، دانشکده علوم زیستی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال
)
Monireh Movahedi
3
(
Assistant Professor of Biochemistry , Faculty of Biological Science, Department of biochemistry, Islamic Azad University, Tehran North Branch, Iran.
)
کلید واژه: پکتیناز, قارچ, پارک جنگلی, هالوفیل,
چکیده مقاله :
چکیده سابقه وهدف: قارچ های ساپروفیت هالوفیل اختیاری به دلیل سهولت در کشت و تحمل شرایط سخت می توانند مقادیر زیادی آنزیم خارج سلولی را با مصرف صنعتی تولید کنند. در این مطالعه سعی شده است فعالیت آنزیمی قارچ های هالوفیل اختیاری از پارک های جنگلی تهران مورد سنجش قرار گیرد. مواد و روش‌ها: بنابراین نمونه‌برداری از خاک و هوای پارک جنگلی تهران، ساپروفیت‌ها با استفاده از تکنیک میکروسکوپی و کشت اسلاید شناسایی شدند. سپس قارچ های جدا شده از نظر فعالیت آنزیمی مورد بررسی کیفی قرار گرفتند و اکثر سویه ها آنزیم های پکتیناز، لیپاز، پروتئاز و آمیلاز تولید کردند. پنی سیلیوم هالوتولرانت و سویه های E01، E03، E014 اینورتاز تولید کردند. و تنها سویه E13 سلولاز تولید کرد. بنابراین فعالیت آنزیمی پکتیناز (از طریق بررسی آنزیم تولید شده در محیط با پکتین از پاگ) در سویه حاوی آنزیم. بهترین سویه آنزیمی تولید شده با روش PCR شناسایی و درخت فیلوژنی ترسیم می شود. يافته ها: بيشترين قارچ هاي جدا شده آسپرژيلوس، پني سيليوم، فوزاريوم، موكور و ريزوپوس بود. از بین قارچ‌های جدا شده و شناسایی شده، 19 جدایه برای تولید آنزیم‌های خارج سلولی در نظر گرفته شد و با استفاده از روش‌های مولکولی مانند Fusarium sublunatum، Aspergillus subramanianii، Penicillium hallotolerans، Mucor circinelloides و Purpureocillium lilacinum شناسایی شدند. سویه های Cladosporium sp.، Penicillium halotolerans بیشترین فعالیت را نشان دادند (با فعالیت های 0.71 و 0.79 U/mL). نتیجه گیری: Cladosporium sp و Penicillium halotolerans به دلیل کشت روی بسترهای ارزان قیمت و استخراج آسان آنزیمی از محیط کشت، می توانند برای تولید آنزیم صنعتی مورد استفاده قرار گیرند.
چکیده انگلیسی :
Abstract Aim and Background: Facultative halophilic saprophytic fungi, can produce high amounts of extracellular enzymes with industrial consumption, due to their ease of cultivation, and endurance of severe conditions. In this study, it has been attempted to Assay of enzymatic activity of facultative halophilic fungi from Tehran Forest Parks. Materials and methods: So sampling of soil and air of forest park of Tehran, saprophytes are been identified by the use of microscopic technique and slide culture. Then, the fungi separated were examined qualitatively regarding enzyme activity, and most strains were produced pectinase, lipase, protease, and amylase enzymes. Penicillium halotolerant and E01, E03, E014 strains produced invertase. And only the E13strain produced cellulase.So the enzyme activity of pectinase (via examining the enzyme produced in the media with pectin from pug) in a strain containing the enzyme. In the end stage, the best of enzyme produced strain are been identification to PCR technique and drawn phylogeny tree. Results: Most separated fungi were Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., Fusarium sp., Mucor sp., and Rhizopus sp. from among the fungi separated and identified, 19 isolates were considered for producing extracellular enzymes and were identified using molecular methods, such as Fusarium sublunatum, Aspergillus subramanianii, Penicillium hallotolerans, Mucor circinelloides, and Purpureocillium lilacinum. Cladosporium sp., Penicillium halotolerans strains showed the most activity (with activities of 0.71, and 0.79 U/mL). Conclusion: Cladosporium sp, and Penicillium halotolerans due to being cultivated on inexpensive substrates and easy enzyme extraction from the culture media, can be used for industrial enzyme production.
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